{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T02:49:54Z","timestamp":1782960594995,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"The Royal Society","issue":"2280","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724630400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724630400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008516","name":"UK Atomic Energy Authority","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008516","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["royalsocietypublishing.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This article describes why Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production (STEP) has been launched, what it aims to achieve (benefits) and, principally, how the whole programme will be delivered (strategy). The article draws on the work of major project delivery and organization design (OD) and applies this to the context of STEP, which is dominated by significant uncertainty in all dimensions (technical, financial, commercial and programmatic), where there is embryonic delivery capability, but where there are also global-scale opportunities. This leads to an approach based on securing and organizing the correct capability from both public and private sectors to work in a collaborative arrangement with a single purpose and, critically, in an operating model designed to manage uncertainty and emerging risks and to exploit opportunities. Placing adaptability at the core of the OD, particularly the ability to deliver emergent strategy through guided empowerment in pursuit of an ambitious aim, is a further development beyond much of the current thinking in major projects. The article concludes with an appendix that translates that programme approach into principles for managing the engineering design work.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>This article is part of the theme issue \u2018Delivering Fusion Energy \u2013 The Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production (STEP)\u2019.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2023.0402","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T04:02:07Z","timestamp":1724644927000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["STEP\u2013organizing a major project to tackle significant uncertainty"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"382","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7425-5513","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"P.","family":"Methven","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UK Industrial Fusion Solutions Ltd., UK Atomic Energy Authority, Culham Campus , Abingdon, Oxon OX14 3DB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_7_4_2","unstructured":"Department of Energy Security and Net Zero . 2023 Toward fusion energy: the next stage of the UK\u2019s fusion energy strategy. See https:\/\/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk\/media\/65301b78d06662000d1b7d0f\/towards-fusion-energy-strategy-2023-update.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0169796"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_6_2","unstructured":"Department for Energy Security and Net Zero 2023 . Energy security bill. See https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/energy-security-bill-factsheets\/energy-security-bill-factsheet-fusion-regulation."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_7_2","first-page":"28","volume-title":"Mission economy: a moonshot guide to changing capitalism","author":"Mazucatto M","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mazucatto M . 2021 Mission economy: a moonshot guide to changing capitalism, pp. 28\u201330. UK: Allen Lane."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_8_2","unstructured":"Tony Blair Institute for Global Change . 2022 An efficient energy transition: lessons from the UK\u2019s offshore wind rollout. See https:\/\/www.institute.global\/insights\/climate-and-energy\/efficient-energy-transition-lessons-uks-offshore-wind-rollout."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_9_2","unstructured":"Holland A . 2023 The global fusion industry in 2023. Fusion Industry Association. See https:\/\/www.fusionindustryassociation.org\/fusion-industry-reports\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781107050891"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_11_2","unstructured":"House of Commons Public Accounts Committee . 2021 Lessons from major projects and programmes. 39th report of session 2019-21. See https:\/\/committees.parliament.uk\/publications\/4491\/documents\/45207\/default\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_12_2","unstructured":"Department for Transport Infrastructure and Projects Authority . 2019 Lessons from transport for the sponsorship of major projects. See https:\/\/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk\/media\/5cb726dd40f0b649e47f2968\/dft-review-of-lessons.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_13_2","volume-title":"The power of bad and how to overcome it","author":"Baumeister R","year":"2019","unstructured":"Baumeister R , Tierney J . 2019 The power of bad and how to overcome it. Allen Lane."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respol.2011.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_15_2","unstructured":"See https:\/\/www.apm.org.uk\/resources\/glossary\/#p."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijproman.2007.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0263-7863(01)00012-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0007-6813(80)90027-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_19_2","volume-title":"Good strategy\/bad strategy: the difference and why it matters","author":"Rumelt RP","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rumelt RP . 2012 Good strategy\/bad strategy: the difference and why it matters. London, UK: Profile Books Ltd."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_20_2","volume-title":"Lean thinking\u2014banish waste and create wealth in your corporation","author":"Womack J","unstructured":"Womack J , Jones D . Lean thinking\u2014banish waste and create wealth in your corporation. New York, NY: FreePress."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_21_2","volume-title":"The art of action: how leaders close the gaps between plans, actions and results","author":"Bungay S","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bungay S . 2011 The art of action: how leaders close the gaps between plans, actions and results. London, UK: Nicholas Brealey Publishing."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2023.0414"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2023.0408"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2023.0413"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2023.0415"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2023.0405"}],"container-title":["Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1098\/rsta.2023.0402","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1098\/rsta.2023.0402","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1098\/rsta.2023.0402","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T21:26:07Z","timestamp":1778621167000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/rsta\/article\/112666"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2280","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1098\/rsta.2023.0402"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rsta.2023.0402","relation":{},"ISSN":["1364-503X","1471-2962"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1364-503X","type":"print"},{"value":"1471-2962","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-02-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-04-17","order":1,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-04-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-08-26","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"20230402"}}