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In an X-class flare, we detect a short-lived approximately 5-min QPP simultaneously in hard X-rays, extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) and soft X-ray emissions, exhibiting a clear phase-drifting behaviour with emitting plasma temperature. Based on phase-resolved timing analysis, it is found that (i) the QPPs in all diagnostics share nearly identical oscillation periods, (ii) a systematic temperature-dependent phase drifting is present, with the phase delay relative to the hard X-ray emission increases systematically from the hottest to cooler EUV channels, and (iii) the QPP persists for only a few cycles during the impulsive phase. These properties imply that periodic magnetic reconnection, possibly triggered by the leakage of 5-min oscillations from the lower atmosphere, modulates the non-thermal electrons responsible for the leading hard X-ray QPPs. Subsequently, plasma heating and cooling processes manifest sequentially across passbands with different temperature responses, resulting in the observed temperature-dependent phase drifting. These results provide novel observational evidence supporting the use of multi-temperature, multi-wavelength phase relationships to constrain the temporal evolution of flare energy release and the origins of QPPs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>This article is part of the theme issue \u2018Transferable mechanisms in the oscillatory processes of solar and stellar flares\u2019.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2025.0059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T08:09:50Z","timestamp":1792656590000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Phase-drifting with emitting plasma temperature in the quasi-periodic pulsations of an X-class solar flare"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"384","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8645-0992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Libo","family":"Fu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, School of Aerospace, Harbin Institute of Technology 1 , Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, People\u2018s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6423-8286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valery M.","family":"Nakariakov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Fusion, Space and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Warwick 2 , Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Centro de Investigacion en Astronom\u00eda, Universidad Bernardo O\u2019Higgins 3 , Avenida Viel 1497, Santiago, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9514-6402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ding","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, School of Aerospace, Harbin Institute of Technology 1 , Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, People\u2018s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4709-7818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Song","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation, Kunming University of Science and Technology 4 , Kunming 650500, People\u2018s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suraj","family":"Sahu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, School of Aerospace, Harbin Institute of Technology 1 , Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, People\u2018s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ehsan","family":"Tavabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, School of Aerospace, Harbin Institute of Technology 1 , Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, People\u2018s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026102204094761300_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1007\/s11214-009-9536-3","article-title":"Quasi-periodic pulsations in solar flares","volume":"149","author":"Nakariakov","year":"2009","journal-title":"Space Sci. 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