{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T15:12:40Z","timestamp":1778771560246,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"The Royal Society","issue":"2318","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000266","name":"EPSRC","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000266","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010761","name":"Syngenta International","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010761","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The liquid phase heterogeneously catalysed selective hydrogenation of benzaldehyde to form benzyl alcohol can be compromised by a subsequent hydrogenolysis stage that leads to toluene formation. The hydrogenation of benzaldehyde in methanol over three supported palladium catalysts (5 wt% Pd\/C, 5 wt% Pd\/Al2O3 and 1 wt% Pd\/Al2O3) is investigated under conditions of elevated and ambient hydrogen pressure at 313 K. For the elevated pressure runs, the three catalysts afford distinct reaction profiles that range from approximately 100% selectivity to the desired product (benzyl alcohol, 1 wt% Pd\/Al2O3) to 100% selectivity to the undesired by-product (toluene, 5 wt% Pd\/C). Product distributions broadly correlate with the number of Pd surface atoms. However, while the hydrogenation turnover frequencies (TOFs) for the alumina-supported catalysts are comparable (22.4 \u00b1 1 min\u22121), a fivefold enhancement in TOF is observed for the Pd\/C sample (115 min\u22121). The disparity of TOF values is attributed to the morphology of the Pd crystallites on the carbon-supported catalyst being different to that encountered with the alumina-supported catalysts. Collectively, the study provides insight on how a combination of supported Pd catalyst specification and reaction operating conditions can favour benzyl alcohol selectivity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>This article is part of the theme issue \u2018Surfaces, interfaces and heterogeneous catalysis\u2019.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2025.0093","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T08:12:43Z","timestamp":1776327163000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The application of supported palladium catalysts for the liquid phase hydrogenation of benzaldehyde"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"384","author":[{"given":"Asma","family":"Nadia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Glasgow 1 , ,","place":["Glasgow, UK"],"department":["Department of Chemistry"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Codie","family":"Kinsler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Glasgow 1 , ,","place":["Glasgow, UK"],"department":["Department of Chemistry"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donald","family":"MacLaren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Glasgow 2 , ,","place":["Glasgow, UK"],"department":["Department of Physics and Astronomy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8123-9037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stanley","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Syngenta International AG 3 , ,","place":["Jealott's Hill, UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Corrie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Syngenta International AG 3 , ,","place":["Jealott's Hill, UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Colin","family":"Brennan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Syngenta International AG 3 , ,","place":["Jealott's Hill, UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8397-0528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Lennon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Glasgow 1 , ,","place":["Glasgow, UK"],"department":["Department of Chemistry"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026051410240926000_R1","volume-title":"Handbook of commercial catalysts: heterogeneous catalysts","author":"Rase","year":"2000"},{"key":"2026051410240926000_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1007\/s11144-010-0266-z","article-title":"Catalytic hydrogenation of benzaldehydes over platinum nanoparticles immobilized on magnesium aluminate spinel under mild conditions","volume":"102","author":"Han","year":"2011","journal-title":"React. 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