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In this study, we present 10Be and 36Cl data from the NGRIP and the GRIP ice cores from Greenland, and the EDML ice core from Antarctica around the 14C excursion. The ice-core radionuclide data show an increase consistent with the occurrence of an extreme solar energetic particle (SEP) event. The 10Be data show the event was of a similar magnitude as the extreme SEP event of 7176 BCE (9125 years BP), in agreement with previously published 14C data. Using all ice-core radionuclide data, we show that the event was characterized by a fluence above 200 MeV comparable with that of other extreme SEP events detected in radionuclide records. In addition, the detection of the SEP event in both tree-ring and ice-core records provides an important time-marker to synchronize the ice-core and tree-ring chronologies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue \u2018Radiocarbon and cosmic radiation events\u2019.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2025.0347","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T08:59:18Z","timestamp":1789030758000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ice-core cosmogenic radionuclides support the occurrence of an extreme solar particle storm 5259 BCE (7208 years BP)"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"384","author":[{"given":"Chiara I.","family":"Paleari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Geography and Bolin Centre for Climate Research 1 , Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8323-2955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florian","family":"Mekhaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Geography and Bolin Centre for Climate Research 1 , Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3131-6652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcus","family":"Christl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETH Z\u00fcrich 2 , Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Gautschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETH Z\u00fcrich 2 , Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christof","family":"Vockenhuber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETH Z\u00fcrich 2 , Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Anderberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lund University 3 , Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrg","family":"Beer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eawag 4 , D\u00fcbendorf, ZH, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grant","family":"Raisbeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, CNRS\/IN2P3, IJCLab 5 , Orsay 91405, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francoise","family":"Yiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, CNRS\/IN2P3, IJCLab 5 , Orsay 91405, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Brehm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETH Z\u00fcrich 2 , Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lukas","family":"Wacker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETH Z\u00fcrich 2 , Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Wilhelms","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum f\u00fcr Polar- und Meeresforschung 6 , 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2772-3631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raimund","family":"Muscheler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lund University 3 , Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026091004591019700_RSTA20250347C1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1029\/2022SW003152","article-title":"Unveiling the space weather during the Starlink Satellites Destruction event on February 4, 2022","volume":"20","author":"Dang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Space Weather"},{"key":"2026091004591019700_RSTA20250347C2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1038\/347164a0","article-title":"Use of 10Be in polar ice to trace the 11-year cycle of solar activity","volume":"347","author":"Beer","year":"1990","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026091004591019700_RSTA20250347C3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.quascirev.2006.07.012","article-title":"Solar activity during the last 1000 yr inferred from radionuclide records","volume":"26","author":"Muscheler","year":"2007","journal-title":"Quat. 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