{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T16:01:50Z","timestamp":1791216110935,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"The Royal Society","issue":"1277","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1992,5,29]],"date-time":"1992-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":707097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/royalsociety.org\/journals\/ethics-policies\/data-sharing-mining\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,5,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Marr\u2019s theory of the cerebellar cortex as an associative learning device is one of the best examples of a theory that directly relates the function of a neural system to its neural structure. However, although he assigned a precise function to each of the identified cell types of the cerebellar cortex, many of the crucial aspects of the implementation of his theory remained unspecified. We attempted to resolve these difficulties by constructing a computer simulation which contained a direct representation of the 13 000 mossy fibres and the 200 000 granule cells associated with a single Purkinje cell of the cerebellar cortex, together with the supporting Golgi, basket and stellate cells. In this paper we present a detailed explanation of Marr\u2019s theory based upon an analogy between Marr\u2019s cerebellar model and an abstract model called the associative net. Although some of Marr\u2019s assumptions contravene neuroanatom ical findings, we found that in general terms his conclusion that each Purkinje cell can learn to respond to a large number of different patterns of activity in the mossy fibres is substantially correct. However, we found that this system has a lower capacity and acts more stochastically than he envisaged. The biologically realistic simulated structure that we designed can be used to assess the computational capabilities of other network theories of the cerebellum.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.1992.0059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,18]],"date-time":"2006-12-18T19:03:09Z","timestamp":1166468589000},"page":"239-257","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":168,"title":["Cerebellar cortex: its simulation and the relevance of Marr\u2019s theory"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"336","author":[{"given":"Toby","family":"Tyrrell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Cognitive Science, University of Edinburgh, 2 Buccleuch Place, Edinburgh EH8 9LW, U. K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Willshaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Cognitive Science, University of Edinburgh, 2 Buccleuch Place, Edinburgh EH8 9LW, U. K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","reference":[{"key":"p_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0025-5564(71)90051-4"},{"key":"p_2","unstructured":"Albus J.S. 1981 Brains behaviours and robotics. BYTE Publications. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates."},{"key":"p_3","unstructured":"Baron R.J. 1987 The cerebral computer."},{"key":"p_4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/190539b0"},{"key":"p_5","unstructured":"Carlson N.R. 1977 Physiology of behaviour. Boston: Allyn and Bacon."},{"key":"p_6","unstructured":"Changeux J.-P. 1985 Neuronal biology of mind. Oxford University Press."},{"key":"p_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Churchland P.S. 1986 Neurophilosophy: toward a unified science of the mind\/brain. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press.","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/4952.001.0001"},{"key":"p_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eccles J. Ito M. & Szentagothai J. 1967 The cerebellum as a neuronal machine. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-13147-3"},{"key":"p_9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(08)60965-6"},{"key":"p_10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00336192"},{"key":"p_11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(74)90208-X"},{"key":"p_12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(77)90997-0"},{"key":"p_13","unstructured":"Gilman S. Bloedel J.R . & Lechtenberg R. 1981 Disorders of the cerebellum. F. A. Davis Company."},{"key":"p_14","unstructured":"Hebb D. 1949 The organization of behavior. New York: Wiley."},{"key":"p_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ito M. 1982 Mechanisms of motor learning. In Competition and cooperation in neural nets. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-46466-9_24"},{"key":"p_16","unstructured":"Ito M. 1984 The cerebellum and neural control. New York: Raven Press."},{"key":"p_17","unstructured":"Kanerva P. 1984 Self-propagating search: a unified theory of memory. Centre for the Study of Language and Information Stanford University."},{"key":"p_18","unstructured":"Kohonen T. 1978 Associative memory. Berlin: Springer-Verlag."},{"key":"p_19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MASSP.1987.1165576"},{"key":"p_20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican0175-56"},{"key":"p_21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1969.sp008820"},{"key":"p_22","first-page":"1224","article-title":"How the cerebellum may be used","volume":"227","author":"Marr D.","year":"1969","journal-title":"Nature. Lond."},{"key":"p_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Palay S.L. & Chan-Palay V. (eds) 1982 The cerebellum: new vistas. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-68560-6"},{"key":"p_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pellionisz A. & Llinas R. 1982 Tensor theory of brain function: the cerebellum as a space-time metric. In Competition and cooperation in neural nets (ed. S. Amari & M. A. Arbib) pp. 394-417. Berlin: Springer Verlag.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-46466-9_23"},{"key":"p_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pellionisz A.J. 1986 David Marr: A theory of the cerebellar cortex. In Brain theory (ed. G. Palm & A. Aerten) pp. 253-257 Berlin: Springer-Verlag.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-70911-1_22"},{"key":"p_26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00293853"},{"key":"p_27","unstructured":"Szentagothai J. & Arbib M.A. 1975 Conceptual models of neural organization. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press."},{"key":"p_28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.1990.0161"},{"key":"p_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vaina L.M. (ed.) 1991 From the retina to the neocortex: selected papers of David Marr. Birkhauscr.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-6775-8"},{"key":"p_30","unstructured":"Willshaw D.J. 1971 Models of distributed associative memory. Ph.D. thesis University of Edinburgh."},{"key":"p_31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/222960a0"}],"container-title":["Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1098\/rstb.1992.0059","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/rstb\/article-pdf\/336\/1277\/239\/82459\/rstb.1992.0059.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/rstb\/article-pdf\/336\/1277\/239\/82459\/rstb.1992.0059.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T12:04:32Z","timestamp":1767355472000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/rstb\/article\/336\/1277\/239\/18264\/Cerebellar-cortex-its-simulation-and-the-relevance"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1992,5,29]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1277","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,5,29]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rstb.1992.0059","relation":{},"ISSN":["0962-8436","1471-2970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0962-8436","type":"print"},{"value":"1471-2970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1992,5,29]]}}}