{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T12:11:36Z","timestamp":1791202296997,"version":"4.2.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"The Royal Society","issue":"1354","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1997,6,29]],"date-time":"1997-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":867542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/royalsociety.org\/journals\/ethics-policies\/data-sharing-mining\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,6,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    A multiwavelength, high bandwidth (1 GHz) frequency\u2013domain photon migration (FDPM) instrument has been developed for quantitative, non\u2013invasive measurements of tissue optical and physiological properties. The instrument produces 300 kHz to 1 GHz photon density waves (PDWs) in optically turbid media using a network analyser, an avalanche photodiode detector and four amplitude\u2013modulated diode lasers (674 nm, 811 nm, 849 nm and 956 nm). The frequency\u2013dependence of PDW phase and amplitude is measured and compared to analytically derived model functions in order to calculate absorption,\n                    <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>a<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and reduced scattering,\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      \u03bc\n                      <jats:sup>\u2032<\/jats:sup>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                    , parameters. The wavelength\u2013dependence of absorption is used to determine tissue haemoglobin concentration (total, oxy\u2013 and deoxy\u2013 forms), oxygen saturation and water concentration. We present preliminary results of non\u2013invasive FDPM measurements obtained from normal and tumour\u2013containing human breast tissue. Our data clearly demonstrate that physiological changes caused by the presence of small (about 1 cm diameter) palpable lesions can be detected using a handheld FDPM probe.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.1997.0047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,1]],"date-time":"2002-10-01T13:23:02Z","timestamp":1033478582000},"page":"661-668","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":199,"title":["Non\u2013invasive measurements of breast tissue optical properties using frequency\u2013domain photon migration"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"352","author":[{"given":"Bruce J.","family":"Tromberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California,Irvine, CA 92612\u20131475USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Coquoz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California,Irvine, CA 92612\u20131475USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua B.","family":"Fishkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California,Irvine, CA 92612\u20131475USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tuan","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California,Irvine, CA 92612\u20131475USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric R.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EA Photonics2515 Fisk Lane, Redondo Beach, CA 90278USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Butler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Surgical Oncology, Clinical Cancer Center, UC Irvine Medical Center101 The City Drive, Orange, CA 92868USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitchell","family":"Cahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Surgical Oncology, Clinical Cancer Center, UC Irvine Medical Center101 The City Drive, Orange, CA 92868USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey D.","family":"Gross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California,Irvine, CA 92612\u20131475USA"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Surgical Oncology, Clinical Cancer Center, UC Irvine Medical Center101 The City Drive, Orange, CA 92868USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vasan","family":"Venugopalan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California,Irvine, CA 92612\u20131475USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California,Irvine, CA 92612\u20131475USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1997,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"p_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/37\/7\/005"},{"key":"p_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.34.007395"},{"key":"p_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1996.00440020119016"},{"key":"p_4","first-page":"613","article-title":"Analysis of cancers missed at screening mammography","volume":"184","author":"Bird R.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Radiolog~"},{"key":"p_5","first-page":"R2999","article-title":"Scattering and wavelength transduction of diffuse photon density waves. 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H. & White E. 1996 Effect of estrogen replacement therapy on the specificity and sensitivity of screening mammography. ~. ~atn. ~ancer Inst. 88 643-649.","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/88.10.643"},{"key":"p_23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.19.001934"},{"key":"p_24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/39\/8\/001"},{"key":"p_25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.20.000426"},{"key":"p_26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.69.2658"},{"key":"p_27","unstructured":"Patterson M. S. 1995 Noninvasive measurements of tissue optical properties : current status and future prospects. Comments on molecular and cellular biophysics. ~omments Modern Biol. 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Series B: Biological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1098\/rstb.1997.0047","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1098\/rstb.1997.0047","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T21:26:52Z","timestamp":1778621212000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/rstb\/article\/352\/1354\/661-668\/19068"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"B.","family":"Chance","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]},{"given":"C. E.","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]},{"given":"D. T.","family":"Delpy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]},{"given":"E. O. R.","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,6,29]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1354","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,6,29]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1098\/rstb.1997.0047"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rstb.1997.0047","relation":{},"ISSN":["0962-8436","1471-2970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0962-8436","type":"print"},{"value":"1471-2970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,6,29]]}}}