{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T11:30:11Z","timestamp":1793187011802,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"The Royal Society","issue":"1430","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,28]],"date-time":"2003-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1046390400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/royalsociety.org\/journals\/ethics-policies\/data-sharing-mining\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>To date, it is questionable whether the diagnostic criteria for Asperger syndrome (AS) as stated by ICD\u201310 or DSM\u2013IV still reflect Asperger's original account of \u2018autistic psychopathy\u2019 (AP) from the 1940s. The present study examined 74 clinical case records of children with AP diagnosed by Hans Asperger and his team at the Viennese Children's Clinic and Asperger's private practice between 1950 and 1986. The characteristic features of the children are outlined, including reasons for referral, parental background, behavioural problems, cognitive functioning, communication and interests. Results show that the patients of Asperger described in our study represent a subgroup of children with very high intellectual functioning, specific circumscribed interests and talents but impaired social, communication and motor skills. Sixty\u2013eight percent of the sample met ICD\u201310 criteria for AS, while 25% fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for autism. Implications for the diagnosis of AS are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2002.1197","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,13]],"date-time":"2003-03-13T17:47:06Z","timestamp":1047577626000},"page":"291-301","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["A retrospective analysis of the clinical case records of \u2018autistic psychopaths\u2019 diagnosed by Hans Asperger and his team at the University Children's Hospital, Vienna"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"358","author":[{"given":"Kathrin","family":"Hippler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Abteilung f\u00fcr Angewandte und Klinische Psychologie, Neues Institutsgeb\u00e4ude, Universit\u00e4tsstrasse 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Klicpera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abteilung f\u00fcr Angewandte und Klinische Psychologie, Neues Institutsgeb\u00e4ude, Universit\u00e4tsstrasse 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"p_1","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association 1994 Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders 4th edn. Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association."},{"key":"p_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01837709"},{"key":"p_3","unstructured":"Asperger H. 1952 Heilp\u00e4dagogik. Einf\u00fchrung in die Psychopathologie des Kindes f\u00fcr A\u00a8rzte Lehrer Psychologen und F\u00fcrsorgerinnen. Wien: Springer."},{"key":"p_4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361397011010"},{"key":"p_5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02172348"},{"key":"p_6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2788.1994.tb00440.x"},{"key":"p_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gillberg C. 1991 Clinical and neurobiological aspects of Asperger syndrome in six family studies. In Autism and Asperger syndrome (ed. U. Frith) pp. 122-146. Cambridge University Press.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511526770.004"},{"key":"p_8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.172.3.200"},{"key":"p_9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1989.tb00275.x"},{"key":"p_10","first-page":"217","article-title":"Autistic disturbances of affective contact","volume":"2","author":"Kanner L.","year":"1943","journal-title":"Nervous Child"},{"key":"p_11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1995.tb01361.x"},{"key":"p_12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361300004001002"},{"key":"p_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lincoln A. J. Courchesne E. Allen M. Hanson E. & Ene M. 1998 Neurobiology of Asperger Syndrome: seven case studies and quantitative magnetic resonance imaging findings. In Asperger syndrome or high functioning autism? (ed. E. Schopler G. B. Mesibov & L. J. Kunce) pp. 145-166. New York: Plenum.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-5369-4_8"},{"key":"p_14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1997.tb02354.x"},{"key":"p_15","first-page":"253","article-title":"Neue Richtlinien zur Interpretation des Hamburg-Wechsler-Intelligenztests","volume":"4","author":"Schubert M. T.","year":"1982","journal-title":"Zeit. Klin. Psychol."},{"key":"p_16","unstructured":"Szatmari P. 2000 Perspectives on the classification of Asperger syndrome. In Asperger syndrome (ed. A. Klin F. R. Volkmar & S. S. Sparrow) pp. 403-417. New York: Guilford Press."},{"key":"p_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1989.tb04066.x","article-title":"Asperger's syndrome and autism: comparisons on early history and outcome","volume":"31","author":"Szatmari P.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Devl Med. Child Neurol."},{"key":"p_18","unstructured":"Volkmar F. R. & Klin A. 2000 Diagnostic issues in Asperger syndrome. In Asperger syndrome (ed. A. Klin F. R. Volkmar & S. S. Sparrow) pp. 25-71. New York: Guilford Press."},{"key":"p_19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700053332"},{"key":"p_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wing L. 1998 The history of Asperger syndrome. In Asperger syndrome or high functioning autism? (ed. E. Schopler G. B. Mesibov & L. J. Kunce) pp. 61-76. New York: Plenum.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-5369-4_2"},{"key":"p_21","unstructured":"Wing L. 2000 Past and future of research on Asperger syndrome. In Asperger syndrome (ed. A. Klin F. R. Volkmar & S. S. Sparrow) pp. 418-432. New York: Guilford Press."},{"key":"p_22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01531288"},{"key":"p_23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.159.5.615"},{"key":"p_24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.159.5.629"},{"key":"p_25","unstructured":"World Health Organization 1992 The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders. Clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines. Geneva: World Health Organization."},{"key":"p_26","unstructured":"World Health Organization 1993 The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders. Diagnostic criteria for research. Geneva: World Health Organization."}],"container-title":["Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1098\/rstb.2002.1197","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1098\/rstb.2002.1197","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T21:26:32Z","timestamp":1778621192000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/rstb\/article\/358\/1430\/291-301\/20131"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"U.","family":"Frith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]},{"given":"E. L.","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,28]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1430","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,28]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1098\/rstb.2002.1197"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rstb.2002.1197","relation":{},"ISSN":["0962-8436","1471-2970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0962-8436","type":"print"},{"value":"1471-2970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,28]]}}}