{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T02:31:37Z","timestamp":1791167497362,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"The Royal Society","issue":"1431","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,24]],"date-time":"2003-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1046044800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/royalsociety.org\/journals\/ethics-policies\/data-sharing-mining\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We review a series of behavioural experiments on imitation in children and adults that test the predictions of a new theory of imitation. Most of the recent theories of imitation assume a direct visual\u2013to\u2013motor mapping between perceived and imitated movements. Based on our findings of systematic errors in imitation, the new theory of goal\u2013directed imitation (GOADI) instead assumes that imitation is guided by cognitively specified goals. According to GOADI, the imitator does not imitate the observed movement as a whole, but rather decomposes it into its separate aspects. These aspects are hierarchically ordered, and the highest aspect becomes the imitator's main goal. Other aspects become sub\u2013goals. In accordance with the ideomotor principle, the main goal activates the motor programme that is most strongly associated with the achievement of that goal. When executed, this motor programme sometimes matches, and sometimes does not, the model's movement. However, the main goal extracted from the model movement is almost always imitated correctly.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2002.1257","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,4]],"date-time":"2003-03-04T20:52:21Z","timestamp":1046811141000},"page":"501-515","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":224,"title":["Action generation and action perception in imitation: an instance of the ideomotor principle"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"358","author":[{"given":"Andreas","family":"Wohlschl\u00e4ger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cognition and Action, Max Planck Institute for Psychological Research, Amalienstrasse 33, D\u201380799 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merideth","family":"Gattis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, University of Cardiff, Cardiff CF10 3XQ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harold","family":"Bekkering","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nijmegen Institute for Cognition and Information, University of Nijmegen, Montessorilaan 3, NL\u20136525 HR, Nijmegen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"p_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-0965(91)90004-C"},{"key":"p_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0273-2297(91)90003-7"},{"key":"p_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/drev.1996.0006"},{"key":"p_4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/713755872"},{"key":"p_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Butterworth G. 1990 On reconceptualizing sensorimotor development in dynamic system terms. 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