{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T22:19:15Z","timestamp":1778624355629,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"The Royal Society","issue":"1514","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,28]],"date-time":"2008-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1225152000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/royalsociety.org\/journals\/ethics-policies\/data-sharing-mining\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["royalsocietypublishing.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Anthrax toxin consists of three proteins (approx. 90\u200akDa each): lethal factor (LF); oedema factor (OF); and protective antigen (PA). The former two are enzymes that act when they reach the cytosol of a targeted cell. To enter the cytosol, however, which they do after being endocytosed into an acidic vesicle compartment, they require the third component, PA. PA (or rather its proteolytically generated fragment PA\n                    <jats:sub>63<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) forms at low pH a heptameric \u03b2-barrel channel, (PA\n                    <jats:sub>63<\/jats:sub>\n                    )\n                    <jats:sub>7<\/jats:sub>\n                    , through which LF and OF are transported\u2014a phenomenon we have demonstrated in planar phospholipid bilayers. It might appear that (PA\n                    <jats:sub>63<\/jats:sub>\n                    )\n                    <jats:sub>7<\/jats:sub>\n                    simply forms a large hole through which LF and OF diffuse. However, LF and OF are folded proteins, much too large to fit through the approximately 15\u200a\u212b diameter (PA\n                    <jats:sub>63<\/jats:sub>\n                    )\n                    <jats:sub>7<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u03b2-barrel. This paper discusses how the (PA\n                    <jats:sub>63<\/jats:sub>\n                    )\n                    <jats:sub>7<\/jats:sub>\n                    channel both participates in the unfolding of LF and OF and functions in their translocation as a proton\u2013protein symporter.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2008.0126","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,28]],"date-time":"2008-10-28T21:25:26Z","timestamp":1225229126000},"page":"209-215","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Proton-coupled protein transport through the anthrax toxin channel"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"364","author":[{"given":"Alan","family":"Finkelstein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Physiology and Biophysics and Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.96.5.905"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.96.5.943"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2200","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.61.5.2200-2202.1993","article-title":"Membrane translocation and channel-forming activities of diphtheria toxin are blocked by replacing isoleucine 364 with lysine","volume":"61","author":"Cabiaux V","year":"1993","journal-title":"Infect. Immun"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0955-0674(00)00109-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12\u200a284","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)49836-0","article-title":"Replacement of negative by positive charges in the presumed membrane-inserted part of diphtheria toxin B fragment. Effect on membrane translocation and on formation of cation channels","volume":"267","author":"Falnes P.O","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-483X(94)90153-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","first-page":"291","volume-title":"Bacterial toxins and cell membranes","author":"Gill D.M","year":"1978"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.82.6.1692"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb.1442"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nsb879"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2004.09.067"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1113380"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2005.11.030"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi0119518"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07391102.2004.10531226"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.15.8467"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/n35101998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/385833a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22\u200a524","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)31678-2","article-title":"Mutational analysis of the helical hairpin region of diphtheria toxin's transmembrane domain","volume":"269","author":"Silverman J.A","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.274.5294.1859"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.75.103004.142728"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0405754101"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1529\/biophysj.104.050864"}],"container-title":["Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1098\/rstb.2008.0126","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1098\/rstb.2008.0126","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1098\/rstb.2008.0126","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T21:22:30Z","timestamp":1778620950000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/rstb\/article\/364\/1514\/209-215\/45484"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,28]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1514","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,27]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1098\/rstb.2008.0126"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rstb.2008.0126","relation":{},"ISSN":["0962-8436","1471-2970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0962-8436","type":"print"},{"value":"1471-2970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2008-10-28","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}