{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T05:15:05Z","timestamp":1784697305713,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"The Royal Society","issue":"1671","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,19]],"date-time":"2015-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1434672000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/royalsociety.org\/journals\/ethics-policies\/data-sharing-mining\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["royalsocietypublishing.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Despite significant progress in reducing the burden of mortality in children under the age of five, reducing mortality in newborns remains a major challenge. Infection plays a significant role in infant deaths and interventions such as early vaccination or antenatal immunization could make a significant contribution to prevention of such deaths. In the last few years, we have gained new insights into immune ontogeny and are now beginning to understand the impact of vaccines, nutrition and environmental factors on \u2018training\u2032 of the immune response in early life. This review article sets out to explain why vaccine responses can be heterogeneous between populations and individuals by providing examples chosen to illustrate the impact of host, pathogen and environmental factors on shaping the immune \u2018interactome\u2032 in young children.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2014.0148","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,11]],"date-time":"2015-05-11T20:41:03Z","timestamp":1431376863000},"page":"20140148","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Factors influencing innate immunity and vaccine responses in infancy"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"370","author":[{"given":"Beate","family":"Kampmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccines and Immunity Theme, MRC Unit, The Gambia, Atlantic Road, Fajara, The Gambia"},{"name":"Academic Department of Paediatrics, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine E","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Infectious Diseases Research Group, Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1232910"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001303"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60560-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)71048-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","first-page":"154","article-title":"Aetiology of community-acquired neonatal sepsis in low and middle income countries","volume":"1","author":"Waters D","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Glob. Health"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-11-175"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e3283607a58"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2075"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0018185"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0036793"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0901481"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2013.00081"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000597"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.11.6401-6407.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jit570"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1000552"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1400062"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68507-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-184"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1400895"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01579-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2010.10.047"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.100"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000000536"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-002473"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/204777312X13462106637684"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","first-page":"171","article-title":"Maternal and neonatal tetanus elimination: from protecting women and newborns to protecting all","volume":"7","author":"Khan R","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Women's Health"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60686-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu821"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2013.11.104"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.3633"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit045"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/313926"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.168.2.919"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/tru197"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2014.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00688-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","first-page":"122","article-title":"Genetic regulation of immune responses to vaccines in early life. Genes and immunity","volume":"5","author":"Newport MJ","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/503775"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2014.0341"}],"container-title":["Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1098\/rstb.2014.0148","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1098\/rstb.2014.0148","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1098\/rstb.2014.0148","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T21:23:14Z","timestamp":1778620994000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/rstb\/article\/22570"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,19]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1671","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,19]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1098\/rstb.2014.0148"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rstb.2014.0148","relation":{},"ISSN":["0962-8436","1471-2970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0962-8436","type":"print"},{"value":"1471-2970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2015-03-30","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-06-19","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}