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However, the mechanisms by which helminths regulate immune responses, leading to the amelioration of symptoms of chronic inflammation are unknown. Given the pivotal roles of the intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of these disorders, it has been hypothesized that helminth-induced modifications of the gut commensal flora may be responsible for the therapeutic properties of gastrointestinal parasites. In this article, we review recent progress in the elucidation of host\u2013parasite\u2013microbiota interactions in both animal models of chronic inflammation and humans, and provide a working hypothesis of the role of the gut microbiota in helminth-induced suppression of inflammation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2014.0296","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,6]],"date-time":"2015-07-06T20:41:17Z","timestamp":1436215277000},"page":"20140296","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Suppression of inflammation by helminths: a role for the gut microbiota?"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"370","author":[{"given":"Paul","family":"Giacomin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Smithfield 4878, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Croese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane 4007, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lutz","family":"Krause","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Loukas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Smithfield 4878, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cinzia","family":"Cantacessi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11550"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2640"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2014-308514"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2012-303954"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00106-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","first-page":"33","article-title":"Inflammatory bowel disease: an expanding global health problem","volume":"14","author":"M'Koma AE","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. 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