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Through three case studies\u2014trypanosomiasis in Zimbabwe, Ebola and Lassa fever in Sierra Leone and Rift Valley fever in Kenya\u2014we show how political interests, commercial investments and conflict and securitization all generate patterns of vulnerability, reshaping the political ecology of disease landscapes, influencing traditional coping mechanisms and affecting health service provision and outbreak responses. A historical, political economy approach reveals patterns of \u2018structural violence\u2019 that reinforce inequalities and marginalization of certain groups, increasing disease risks. Addressing the politics of One Health requires analysing trade-offs and conflicts between interests and visions of the future. For all zoonotic diseases economic and political dimensions are ultimately critical and One Health approaches must engage with these factors, and not just end with an \u2018anti-political\u2019 focus on institutional and disciplinary collaboration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>This article is part of the themed issue \u2018One Health for a changing world: zoonoses, ecosystems and human well-being\u2019.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2016.0169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,5]],"date-time":"2017-06-05T20:10:29Z","timestamp":1496693429000},"page":"20160169","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Structural drivers of vulnerability to zoonotic disease in Africa"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"372","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6537-1422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vupenyu","family":"Dzingirai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Applied Social Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salome","family":"Bukachi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Anthropology, Gender and African Studies, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1293-6848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melissa","family":"Leach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RE, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindiwe","family":"Mangwanya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Applied Social Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Scoones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RE, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2114-7023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annie","family":"Wilkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RE, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/15303660260613729"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06536"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","volume-title":"The anti-politics machine: development depoliticisation and bureaucratic power in Lesotho","author":"Ferguson J","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.157.22.673"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2014.11.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","first-page":"19","volume-title":"The Routledge Handbook of Political Ecology","author":"Watts M","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","volume-title":"The modern world-system: capitalist agriculture and the origins of the European world-economy in the sixteenth century","author":"Wallerstein I","year":"1974"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03066150.2014.894911"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","first-page":"117","volume-title":"Violent environments","author":"McCarthy J","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctt5vkt2w","volume-title":"Nature crime: how we're getting conservation wrong","author":"Duffy R","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","volume-title":"Empire","author":"Negri A","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203235096"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.37234\/DQPRQJHJ","volume-title":"The political ecology of bananas: contract farming, peasants and agrarian change in the Eastern Caribbean","author":"Grossmann LS","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","volume-title":"Beyond the bounds? 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