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B"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Electroporation is a common tool for gene transfection, tumour ablation, sterilization and drug delivery. Using experimental methods, we explore the temperature dependence of electropore formation in a model membrane system (droplet-interface bilayers), using optical single-channel recording to image the real-time gating of individual electropores. We investigate the influence of the agarose substrate on electropores formed in this system. Furthermore, by examining the temperature-dependent kinetics of pore opening and closure we are able to estimate a barrier to pore opening in 1,2-diphytanoyl-\n                    <jats:italic>sn<\/jats:italic>\n                    -glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPhPC) membranes to be 25.0 \u00b1 8.3\n                    <jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>B<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    , in agreement with previous predictions. Overall these measurements help support the toroidal model of membrane electroporation.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>This article is part of the themed issue \u2018Membrane pores: from structure and assembly, to medicine and technology\u2019.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2016.0227","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,19]],"date-time":"2017-06-19T20:10:20Z","timestamp":1497903020000},"page":"20160227","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Measuring the potential energy barrier to lipid bilayer electroporation"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"372","author":[{"given":"Jason T.","family":"Sengel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, 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