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Trans. R. Soc. B"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The blastocyst is a conserved stage and distinct milestone in the development of the mammalian embryo. Blastocyst stage embryos comprise three cell lineages which arise through two sequential binary cell fate specification steps. In the first, extra-embryonic trophectoderm (TE) cells segregate from inner cell mass (ICM) cells. Subsequently, ICM cells acquire a pluripotent epiblast (Epi) or extra-embryonic primitive endoderm (PrE, also referred to as hypoblast) identity. In the mouse, nascent Epi and PrE cells emerge in a salt-and-pepper distribution in the early blastocyst and are subsequently sorted into adjacent tissue layers by the late blastocyst stage. Epi cells cluster at the interior of the ICM, while PrE cells are positioned on its surface interfacing the blastocyst cavity, where they display apicobasal polarity. As the embryo implants into the maternal uterus, cells at the periphery of the PrE epithelium, at the intersection with the TE, break away and migrate along the TE as they mature into parietal endoderm (ParE). PrE cells remaining in association with the Epi mature into visceral endoderm. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of the PrE from its specification to its maturation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>This article is part of the theme issue \u2018Extraembryonic tissues: exploring concepts, definitions and functions across the animal kingdom\u2019.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2021.0252","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,17]],"date-time":"2022-10-17T04:47:35Z","timestamp":1665982055000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Journey of the mouse primitive endoderm: from specification to maturation"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"377","author":[{"given":"Sayali","family":"Chowdhary","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7580-5124","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Anna-Katerina","family":"Hadjantonakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.33.4.991"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2003.1329"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.20844"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1387\/ijdb.072524pw"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gaw002"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15384101.2018.1496747"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2021.680539"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-1606(87)90498-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(83)90095-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.050195"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/boc.201700029"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb2875"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2005.09.037"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_15_2","first-page":"141","article-title":"Investigation of the fate of 4-5 day post-coitum mouse inner cell mass cells by blastocyst injection","volume":"52","author":"Gardner RL","year":"1979","unstructured":"Gardner RL, Rossant J. 1979 Investigation of the fate of 4-5 day post-coitum mouse inner cell mass cells by blastocyst injection. 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