{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T07:26:04Z","timestamp":1790925964603,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":127,"publisher":"The Royal Society","issue":"1941","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In Europe, imported schistosomiasis affects a diverse range of patients, including migrants, travellers, visiting friends and relatives, and expatriates who have lived in endemic areas. The variety of regions linked to these patients\u2019 origins or destinations increases the likelihood of infections from different Schistosoma species and hybrids. This work aims to address the multidisciplinary challenges posed by \u2018pure\u2019 and hybrid Schistosoma species in southwestern Europe. It explores (i) the role of molecular analysis in identifying species and hybrids, (ii) the importance of morphogenetic studies of Schistosoma eggs, (iii) the potential risk of hybrid Schistosoma infections emerging in Europe and (iv) the clinical management, diagnostis and treatment of schistosomiasis in non-endemic European countries. The study includes examples of \u2018pure\u2019 and hybrid species detected in a tropical medicine unit in Almer\u00eda, Spain. In this context, the complexity of managing not only the clinical aspects, diagnosis and treatment of this disease, but also the need and readiness to quantify the risks and prevent future outbreaks of schistosomiasis in Europe are evident. Schistosoma hybrids potentially able to adapt to new European habitats are a challenge, which highlights the need for appropriate surveillance and preventive measures to avoid the introduction of schistosomiasis into Europe.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>This article is part of the Science+ meeting issue \u2018Parasite evolution and impact in action: exploring the importance and control of hybrid schistosomes\u2019.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2025.0087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T09:41:11Z","timestamp":1767865271000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Multidisciplinary challenges by \u2018pure\u2019 and hybrid\n                    <i>Schistosoma<\/i>\n                    species introduced into southwestern Europe"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"381","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6147-0300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandra","family":"De El\u00edas-Escribano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Valencia 1 , ,","place":["Valencia, Spain"],"department":["Departamento de Parasitolog\u00eda, Facultad de Farmacia"]},{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III 2 , ,","place":["Madrid, Spain"],"department":["Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC)"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2815-1324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricio","family":"Artigas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Valencia 1 , ,","place":["Valencia, Spain"],"department":["Departamento de Parasitolog\u00eda, Facultad de Farmacia"]},{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III 2 , ,","place":["Madrid, Spain"],"department":["Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC)"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4302-7022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joaqu\u00edn","family":"Salas-Coronas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III 2 , ,","place":["Madrid, Spain"],"department":["Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC)"]},{"name":"Universidad de Almeria 3 , , ,","place":["La Ca\u00f1ada de San Urbano, Almer\u00eda, Spain"],"department":["Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud Internacional de Almer\u00eda (GISIA), Faculad de Ciencias de la Salud"]},{"name":"Hospital Universitario Poniente 4 , , ,","place":["El Ejido, Almer\u00eda, Spain"],"department":["Unidad de Medicina Tropical"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5260-7072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Pilar","family":"Luzon-Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III 2 , ,","place":["Madrid, Spain"],"department":["Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC)"]},{"name":"Universidad de Almeria 3 , , ,","place":["La Ca\u00f1ada de San Urbano, Almer\u00eda, Spain"],"department":["Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud Internacional de Almer\u00eda (GISIA), Faculad de Ciencias de la Salud"]},{"name":"Hospital Universitario Poniente 4 , , ,","place":["El Ejido, Almer\u00eda, Spain"],"department":["Unidad de Medicina Tropical"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0003-8207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel Jes\u00fas","family":"Soriano-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III 2 , ,","place":["Madrid, Spain"],"department":["Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC)"]},{"name":"Universidad de Almeria 3 , , ,","place":["La Ca\u00f1ada de San Urbano, Almer\u00eda, Spain"],"department":["Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud Internacional de Almer\u00eda (GISIA), Faculad de Ciencias de la Salud"]},{"name":"Hospital Universitario Poniente 4 , , ,","place":["El Ejido, Almer\u00eda, Spain"],"department":["Unidad de Medicina Tropical"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7197-5652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nerea","family":"Castillo-Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III 2 , ,","place":["Madrid, Spain"],"department":["Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC)"]},{"name":"Universidad de Almeria 3 , , ,","place":["La Ca\u00f1ada de San Urbano, Almer\u00eda, Spain"],"department":["Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud Internacional de Almer\u00eda (GISIA), Faculad de Ciencias de la Salud"]},{"name":"Hospital Universitario Poniente 4 , , ,","place":["El Ejido, Almer\u00eda, Spain"],"department":["Unidad de Medicina Tropical"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4552-3177","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Cecilia","family":"Fantozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Valencia 1 , ,","place":["Valencia, Spain"],"department":["Departamento de Parasitolog\u00eda, Facultad de Farmacia"]},{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III 2 , ,","place":["Madrid, Spain"],"department":["Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC)"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6816-1140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Ort\u00ed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Valencia 1 , ,","place":["Valencia, Spain"],"department":["Departamento de Parasitolog\u00eda, Facultad de Farmacia"]},{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III 2 , ,","place":["Madrid, Spain"],"department":["Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC)"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0793-3108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jerome","family":"Boissier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Perpignan Via Domitia 5 , ,","place":["Perpignan, France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1685-7004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Santiago","family":"Mas-Coma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Valencia 1 , ,","place":["Valencia, Spain"],"department":["Departamento de Parasitolog\u00eda, Facultad de Farmacia"]},{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III 2 , ,","place":["Madrid, Spain"],"department":["Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC)"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1584-8330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Adela","family":"Valero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Valencia 1 , ,","place":["Valencia, Spain"],"department":["Departamento de Parasitolog\u00eda, Facultad de Farmacia"]},{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III 2 , ,","place":["Madrid, Spain"],"department":["Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC)"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2347-7269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Dolores","family":"Bargues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Valencia 1 , ,","place":["Valencia, Spain"],"department":["Departamento de Parasitolog\u00eda, Facultad de Farmacia"]},{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III 2 , ,","place":["Madrid, Spain"],"department":["Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC)"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020906222801500_R1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Schistosomiasis with a focus on Africa","volume":"6","author":"Aula","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trop. Med. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.17-0034","article-title":"Schistosomiasis in European travelers and migrants: analysis of 14 years TropNet surveillance data","volume":"97","author":"Lingscheid","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1007\/s40475-023-00286-9","article-title":"Schistosomiasis in Europe","volume":"10","author":"Gabrielli","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Trop. Med. Rep."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2025.102823","article-title":"Prevalence of neglected tropical diseases among migrants living in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"64","author":"Guido","year":"2025","journal-title":"Travel Med. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-017-0259-6","article-title":"The hidden epidemic of schistosomiasis in recent African immigrants and asylum seekers to Italy","volume":"32","author":"Beltrame","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R6","article-title":"Study of the current status of Schistosoma haematobium infection in the European Union. An approach to the possible risk in Spain","volume":"92","author":"Villasante Ferrer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev. Esp. Salud Publica"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.17-0604","article-title":"Newly arrived African migrants to Spain: epidemiology and burden of disease","volume":"98","author":"Salas-Coronas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2019.101508","article-title":"Severe complications of imported schistosomiasis, Spain: a retrospective observational study","volume":"35","author":"Salas-Coronas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Travel Med. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2024.102742","article-title":"Imported schistosomiasis in travelers: experience from a referral tropical medicine unit in Barcelona, Spain","volume":"60","author":"Salvador","year":"2024","journal-title":"Travel Med. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/jtm\/taac150","article-title":"Management of imported complicated urogenital schistosomiasis in Europe: a TropNet retrospective study","volume":"30","author":"Basile","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Travel Med."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)02814-9","article-title":"Human schistosomiasis","volume":"405","author":"Buonfrate","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R12","first-page":"541","article-title":"Comparative study of the behaviour between the Planorbarius metidjensis and the Bulinus contortus towards infection by Schistosoma haematobium","volume":"2","author":"Silva Oliveira","year":"1974","journal-title":"An. Inst. Hig. Med. Trop. (Lisb.)"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1595","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2009.140928","article-title":"Schistosomiasis haematobium, Corsica, France","volume":"20","author":"Berry","year":"2014","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.1.30100","article-title":"Evidence for a permanent presence of schistosomiasis in Corsica, France, 2015","volume":"21","author":"Berry","year":"2016","journal-title":"Euro Surveill."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)00175-4","article-title":"Outbreak of urogenital schistosomiasis in Corsica (France): an epidemiological case study","volume":"16","author":"Boissier","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.4.18-00017","article-title":"Persistence of schistosomal transmission linked to the Cavu river in southern Corsica since 2013","volume":"23","author":"Ramalli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Euro Surveill."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2449","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-022-07574-9","article-title":"A family cluster of schistosomiasis acquired in Solenzara River, Corsica (France)\u2014Solenzara River is clearly a transmission site for schistosomiasis in Corsica","volume":"121","author":"Wellinghausen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2021.102165","article-title":"Evidence of autochthonous transmission of urinary schistosomiasis in Almeria (southeast Spain): an outbreak analysis","volume":"44","author":"Salas-Coronas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Travel Med. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0008201","article-title":"Future schistosome hybridizations: will all Schistosoma haematobium hybrids please stand-up!","volume":"14","author":"Stothard","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002110","article-title":"Introgressive hybridization of Schistosoma haematobium group species in Senegal: species barrier break down between ruminant and human schistosomes","volume":"7","author":"Webster","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2506.190020","article-title":"Schistosome interactions within the Schistosoma haematobium group, Malawi","volume":"25","author":"Webster","year":"2019","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182016001190","article-title":"Hybridizations within the genus Schistosoma: implications for evolution, epidemiology and control","volume":"144","author":"Leger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X24000257","article-title":"Mapping of schistosome hybrids of the haematobium group in West and Central Africa","volume":"98","author":"Agniwo","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Helminthol."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-024-09732-z","article-title":"Detection of male genital schistosomiasis (MGS) associated with human, zoonotic and hybrid schistosomes in Southern Malawi","volume":"24","author":"Kayuni","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.3201\/eid3105.241757","article-title":"Unexpected zoonotic and hybrid schistosome egg excretion patterns, Malawi, 2024","volume":"31","author":"O\u2019Ferrall","year":"2025","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793420","DOI":"10.1100\/2012\/793420","article-title":"Natural Interactions between S. haematobium and S. guineensis in the Republic of Benin","volume":"2012","author":"Mon\u00e9","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci. World J."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2013.04.001","article-title":"Hybridisation between the two major African schistosome species of humans","volume":"43","author":"Huyse","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5062","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2008.03957.x","article-title":"Introgressive hybridization of human and rodent schistosome parasites in western Kenya","volume":"17","author":"Steinauer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol. Ecol."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4127","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-015-4643-4","article-title":"Introgressive hybridizations of Schistosoma haematobium by Schistosoma bovis at the origin of the first case report of schistosomiasis in Corsica (France, Europe)","volume":"114","author":"Mon\u00e9","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1626","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw493","article-title":"Diagnosis and clinical management of Schistosoma haematobium \u2013 Schistosoma bovis hybrid infection in a cluster of travelers returning from Mali","volume":"63","author":"Soentjens","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2019010","article-title":"No limit in interspecific hybridization in schistosomes: observation from a case report","volume":"26","author":"Depaquit","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parasite"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2502.172028","article-title":"Schistosoma haematobium \u2013 Schistosoma mansoni hybrid parasite in migrant boy, France, 2017","volume":"25","author":"Le Govic","year":"2019","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/tbed\/6614509","article-title":"Imported schistosomiasis in southwestern Europe: wide variation of pure and hybrid genotypes infecting sub-Saharan migrants","volume":"2025","author":"De Elias-Escribano","year":"2025","journal-title":"Transbound. Emerg. Dis."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012942","article-title":"Schistosoma mansoni x S. haematobium hybrids frequently infecting sub-Saharan migrants in southeastern Europe: egg DNA genotyping assessed by RD-PCR, sequencing and cloning","volume":"19","author":"De El\u00edas-Escribano","year":"2025","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182017000087","article-title":"Detecting hybridization in African schistosome species: does egg morphology complement molecular species identification?","volume":"144","author":"Boon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2701.204391","article-title":"Developing endemicity of schistosomiasis, Corsica, France","volume":"27","author":"Rothe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2024.102744","article-title":"Impact of species hybridization on the clinical management of schistosomiasis: a prospective study","volume":"61","author":"Salas-Coronas","year":"2024","journal-title":"Travel Med. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa312","article-title":"Acute schistosomiasis with a Schistosoma mattheei \u00d7 Schistosoma haematobium hybrid species in a cluster of 34 travelers infected in South Africa","volume":"72","author":"Cnops","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R39","article-title":"Genetic profiles of Schistosoma haematobium parasites from Malian transmission hotspot areas","volume":"16","author":"Agniwo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11040425","article-title":"Population genetic structure and hybridization of Schistosoma haematobium in Nigeria","volume":"11","author":"Onyekwere","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182019001549","article-title":"High prevalence of Schistosoma haematobium \u00d7 Schistosoma bovis hybrids in schoolchildren in C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire","volume":"147","author":"Angora","year":"2020","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-019-3307-0","article-title":"Population genetic structure of Schistosoma bovis in Cameroon","volume":"12","author":"Djuikwo-Teukeng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R43","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO)\n          . 2023Schistosomiasis. Seehttps:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/schistosomiasis (accessed6-February-2024)."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R44","first-page":"250","article-title":"Comments on the routes of schistosome egg passage","volume":"11","author":"Husting","year":"1965","journal-title":"Cent. Afr. J. Med."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-2276.2003.01139.x","article-title":"Interactions between Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma mansoni in humans in north Cameroon","volume":"8","author":"Cunin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trop. Med. Int. Health"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2012.02.002","article-title":"Epidemiology of mixed Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma haematobium infections in northern Senegal","volume":"42","author":"Meurs","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009628","article-title":"Prevalence of urogenital and intestinal schistosomiasis among school children in south-west Nigeria","volume":"15","author":"Ojo","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69440-3","article-title":"Human schistosomiasis","volume":"368","author":"Gryseels","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X00015224","article-title":"Morphometric variability of Schistosoma intercalatum eggs: a diagnostic dilemma","volume":"70","author":"Almeda","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Helminthol."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R50","first-page":"1","article-title":"Geographical influence on morphometric variability of genetically \u2018pure\u2019 Schistosoma haematobium eggs from sub-Saharan migrants in Spain","volume":"8","author":"Reguera-G\u00f3mez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trop. Med. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X00021969","article-title":"Hybridisation experiments on five species of African schistosomes","volume":"44","author":"Taylor","year":"1970","journal-title":"J. Helminthol."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-020-04136-9","article-title":"Interactions between Schistosoma haematobium group species and their Bulinus spp. intermediate hosts along the Niger River Valley","volume":"13","author":"Pennance","year":"2020","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2021.104727","article-title":"Population genetics of African Schistosoma species","volume":"89","author":"Rey","year":"2021","journal-title":"Infect. Genet. Evol."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2021.106075","article-title":"First morphogenetic analysis of parasite eggs from Schistosomiasis haematobium infected sub-Saharan migrants in Spain and proposal for a new standardised study methodology","volume":"223","author":"Reguera-Gomez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X22000815","article-title":"Morphometric analysis of schistosome eggs recovered from human urines in communities along the shoreline of Oyan River Dam in Ogun State, Nigeria","volume":"96","author":"Bayegun","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Helminthol."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-0915-5_3","article-title":"Schistosomiasis","volume":"766","author":"Lewis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. Digenet. Trematodes"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1633","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4160-4470-3.50096-3","volume-title":"Manson\u2019s tropical diseases","author":"Southgate","year":"2009"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R58","first-page":"335","article-title":"Polymorphisme des \u00f8eufs de Schistosoma mansoni dans le foyer Guadeloup\u00e9en (Antilles Fran\u00e7aises): pr\u00e9sence de \u00abS. rodhaini-like\u00bb parasites?","volume":"43","author":"Th\u00e9ron","year":"1986","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R59","first-page":"73","article-title":"Studies on Schistosoma bovis (Sonsino, 1876) in Israel. II. The infra-mammalianphase of the life cycle","volume":"10","author":"Lengy","year":"1962","journal-title":"Bull. Res. Counc. Israel"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(61)90038-4","article-title":"Observations on a possible hybrid between the two schistosomes S. haematobium and S. mattheei","volume":"55","author":"Pitchford","year":"1961","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R61","first-page":"341","article-title":"The schistosomes of domestic ruminants in eastern Africa","volume":"13","author":"Dinnik","year":"1965","journal-title":"Bull. Epizoot. Dis. Afr."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R62","first-page":"103","article-title":"Phenotypic differences in Schistosoma mattheei ova from populations sympatric and allopatric to S. haematobium","volume":"53","author":"Kruger","year":"1986","journal-title":"Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(87)90004-5","article-title":"Egg polymorphism of Schistosoma bovis","volume":"23","author":"Touassem","year":"1987","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001882","article-title":"Genetic diversity within Schistosoma haematobium: DNA barcoding reveals two distinct groups","volume":"6","author":"Webster","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES2014.19.22.20821","article-title":"Schistosoma haematobium infections acquired in Corsica, France, August 2013","volume":"19","author":"Holtfreter","year":"2014","journal-title":"Euro Surveill."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(15)00084-5","article-title":"Schistosomiasis reaches Europe","volume":"15","author":"Boissier","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-019-3635-0","article-title":"Persistent establishment of a tropical disease in Europe: the preadaptation of schistosomes to overwinter","volume":"12","author":"Mulero","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R68","first-page":"355","article-title":"Morpho-anatomical characterization of the urogenital schistosmiasis vector Bulinus truncatus (Audouin, 1827) (Heterobranchia: Bulinidae) from southwestern Europe","volume":"44","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Ort\u00ed","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Conchol."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00390115","article-title":"On Schistosoma margrebowiei Le Roux, 1933: the morphology of the egg, miracidium and cercaria, the compatibility with species of Bulinus, and development in Mesocricetus auratus","volume":"54","author":"Southgate","year":"1977","journal-title":"Z. Parasitenkd."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2189","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-020-06709-0","article-title":"Cattle as natural host for Schistosoma haematobium (Bilharz, 1852) Weinland, 1858 x Schistosoma bovis Sonsino, 1876 interactions, with new cercarial emergence and genetic patterns","volume":"119","author":"Savassi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009363","article-title":"No pre-zygotic isolation mechanisms between Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma bovis parasites: from mating interactions to differential gene expression","volume":"15","author":"Kincaid-Smith","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X00010373","article-title":"Cercarial shedding patterns of Schistosoma bovis and S. haematobium from single and mixed infections of Bulinus truncatus","volume":"65","author":"Mouahid","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Helminthol."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4894(86)90047-0","article-title":"Schistosoma bovis: patterns of cercarial emergence from snails of the genera Bulinus and Planorbarius","volume":"62","author":"Mouahid","year":"1986","journal-title":"Exp. Parasitol."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0010585","article-title":"Transmission and diversity of Schistosoma haematobium and S. bovis and their freshwater intermediate snail hosts Bulinus globosus and B. nasutus in the Zanzibar archipelago, United Republic of Tanzania","volume":"16","author":"Pennance","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012721","article-title":"African schistosomes in small mammal communities: perspectives from a spatio-temporal survey in the vicinity of Lake Guiers, Senegal","volume":"18","author":"Kincaid-Smith","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R76","first-page":"133","article-title":"Le Planorbis metidjensis, h\u00f4te interm\u00e9diaire du Schistosoma haematobium au Portugal. Cofirmation exp\u00e9rimentale","volume":"5","author":"Bettencourt","year":"1922","journal-title":"Arq. Inst. Bacteriol. Camara Pestana, Lisboa"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R77","first-page":"57","article-title":"Susceptibility of Planorbarius metidjensis (Forbes) from the south of Portugal (Algarve) and Bulinus (Ph.) africanus from Portuguese Guinea to Schistosoma haematobium from the same overseas province","volume":"22","author":"Xavier","year":"1965","journal-title":"Ann. Inst. Med. Trop. Lisb."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R78","first-page":"251","article-title":"Susceptibility of Planorbarius metidjensis from Portugal and Spain to Schistosoma bovis from Salamanca, Spain","volume":"16","author":"Silva","year":"1977","journal-title":"Malacologia"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2017.04.009","article-title":"Emerging schistosomiasis in Europe: a need to quantify the risks","volume":"33","author":"Kincaid-Smith","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.09.013","article-title":"Schistosomes, snails and climate change: current trends and future expectations","volume":"190","author":"Stensgaard","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(80)90091-7","article-title":"Hybrids between Schistosoma haematobium and S. mattheei and their identification by isoelectric focusing of enzymes","volume":"74","author":"Wright","year":"1980","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182003003597","article-title":"Compatibility of Schistosoma haematobium, S. intercalatum and their hybrids with Bulinus truncatus and B. forskalii","volume":"127","author":"Webster","year":"2003","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000571","article-title":"Bidirectional introgressive hybridization between a cattle and human schistosome species","volume":"5","author":"Huyse","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.3391\/ai.2014.9.3.12","article-title":"Aquatic invasive species and emerging infectious disease threats: a one health perspective","volume":"9","author":"Conn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Aquat. Invasions"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R85","first-page":"695","article-title":"Human schistosomiasis in India. II. Infection of snails with Schistosoma hematobium","volume":"43","author":"Gadgil","year":"1955","journal-title":"Indian J. Med. Res."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.32800\/abc.2019.42.0257","article-title":"Risk map of transmission of urogenital schistosomiasis by Bulinus truncatus (Audouin, 1827) (Mollusca Gastropoda, Bulinidae) in Spain and Portugal","volume":"42","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Ort\u00ed","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anim. Biodiv. Conserv."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R87","first-page":"348","article-title":"Biologic relations among various geographic strains of the Schistosoma haematobium complex","volume":"62","author":"De Azevedo","year":"1969","journal-title":"Bull. Soc. Pathol. Exot. Filiales"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R88","first-page":"247","article-title":"Mollusc vectors of schistosomiasis in Sardinia and in the Mediterranean area: taxonomy and epidemiology","volume":"22","author":"Biocca","year":"1980","journal-title":"Parasitologia"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R89","article-title":"Schistosomiasis and climate change","volume":"371","author":"De Leo","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1177\/00494755221080588","article-title":"Geographical distribution and molecular survey of freshwater snail intermediate hosts of Schistosoma haematobium by DraI\/Sh73 PCR in eliminated foci of Morocco","volume":"53","author":"Amarir","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trop. Doct."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.3166\/bspe-2020-0111","article-title":"A retrospective study on Planorbarius metidjensis and its role as a potential intermediate host in the transmission of Schistosoma haematobium in the Souss-Massa region (Morocco)","volume":"113","author":"Yacoubi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bull. Soc. Pathol. Exot."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R92","first-page":"537","article-title":"Observaciones acerca de la receptividad de diversas poblaciones de Planorbarius metidjensis, Bulinus (B.) truncatus y Biomphalaria glabrata a Schistosoma bovis de Espa\u00f1a","volume":"38","author":"Ramajo\u2013Mart\u00edn","year":"1978","journal-title":"Rev. Iber. Parasitol."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R93","first-page":"17","article-title":"Distribution and habitats of six species of freshwater pulmonate snails in Algarve, southern Portugal","volume":"16","author":"Gracio","year":"1983","journal-title":"Malacol. Rev."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R94","volume-title":"European non-marine molluscs, a guide for species identification","author":"Welter-Schultes","year":"2012"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.17434","article-title":"Climate change could fuel urinary schistosomiasis transmission in Africa and Europe","volume":"30","author":"van der Deure","year":"2024","journal-title":"Glob. Chang. Biol."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-015-0766-9","article-title":"The roles of water, sanitation and hygiene in reducing schistosomiasis: a review","volume":"8","author":"Grimes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X0070071X","article-title":"Mating interactions between Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni","volume":"73","author":"Webster","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Helminthol."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms10061251","article-title":"Mating interactions between Schistosoma bovis and S. mansoni and compatibility of their F1 progeny with Biomphalaria glabrata and Bulinus truncatus","volume":"10","author":"Onyekwere","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1812","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1411.080479","article-title":"Establishment of Biomphalaria tenagophila snails in Europe","volume":"14","author":"Majoros","year":"2008","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.614797","article-title":"Invasion and dispersal of Biomphalaria species: increased vigilance needed to prevent the introduction and spread of schistosomiasis","volume":"8","author":"Habib","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2006.09.001","article-title":"Diversification, dioecy and dimorphism in schistosomes","volume":"22","author":"Loker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11070769","article-title":"Phylogenomics and diversification of the Schistosomatidae based on targeted sequence capture of ultra-conserved elements","volume":"11","author":"Ebbs","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R103","article-title":"An alien intermediate snail host in Malawi\u2014Orientogalba viridis (Quoy and Gaimard, 1832)\u2014a new concern for schistosomiasis transmission in Africa?","volume":"23","author":"Juh\u00e1sz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/jtm\/taaa005","article-title":"Imported chronic schistosomiasis: screening and management issues","volume":"27","author":"Buonfrate","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Travel Med."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e627","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(24)00080-X","article-title":"Consensus definitions in imported human schistosomiasis: a GeoSentinel and TropNet Delphi study","volume":"24","author":"Tamarozzi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2025.102822","article-title":"Landscape of guidance documents used at TropNet and GeoSentinel centres for the clinical management of schistosomiasis outside endemic areas: a systematic appraisal","volume":"64","author":"Tamarozzi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Travel Med. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/jtm\/taz075","article-title":"Delay in schistosomiasis diagnosis and treatment: a multicenter cohort study in Italy","volume":"27","author":"Comelli","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Travel Med."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-024-01190-8","article-title":"Male genitourinary schistosomiasis-related symptoms among long-term Western African migrants in Spain: a prospective population-based screening study","volume":"13","author":"Roure","year":"2024","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Poverty"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2023.02.004","article-title":"Executive summary consensus statement of imported diseases group (GEPI) of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC) and the Spanish Society of Tropical Medicine and International Health (SETMSI), on the diagnostic and treatment of imported schistosomiasis","volume":"41","author":"Bocanegra","year":"2023","journal-title":"Enferm. Infecc. Microbiol. Clin."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R110","article-title":"Awareness and knowledge regarding female genital schistosomiasis among European healthcare workers: a cross-sectional online survey","volume":"21","author":"Marchese","year":"2025","journal-title":"Global. Health"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R111","unstructured":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC)\n          . 2018Public health guidance onscreening and vaccination for infectious diseases in newly arrived migrants within the EU\/EEA. Seehttps:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/en\/publications-data\/public-health-guidance-screening-and-vaccination-infectious-diseases-newly (accessed5-March-2025)."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60692-4","article-title":"Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990\u20132013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013","volume":"386","author":"Global Burden of Disease Study 2013","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R113","article-title":"Consensus document for the management of schistosomiasis in primary care","volume":"54","author":"Salas-Coronas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aten. Primaria"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2024.106328","article-title":"UK guidelines for the investigation and management of eosinophilia in returning travellers and migrants","volume":"90","author":"Thakker","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Infect."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthpol.2020.12.010","article-title":"Health assessment for migrants and asylum seekers upon arrival and while hosted in reception centres: Italian guidelines","volume":"125","author":"Tosti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Health Policy"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-021-04655-z","article-title":"Evaluation of microscopy, serology, circulating anodic antigen (CAA), and eosinophil counts for the follow-up of migrants with chronic schistosomiasis: a prospective cohort study","volume":"14","author":"Tamarozzi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.2310\/7060.2003.35759","article-title":"Imported schistosomiasis in Europe: sentinel surveillance data from TropNetEurop","volume":"10","author":"Grobusch","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Travel Med."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.778110","article-title":"Schistosomiasis among female migrants in non-endemic countries: neglected among the neglected? A pilot study","volume":"10","author":"Roure","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Public Health"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2019.101496","article-title":"Imported human Schistosoma japonicum: a report on two cases in Filipino migrants present in Italy and a systematic review of literature","volume":"36","author":"Vellere","year":"2020","journal-title":"Travel Med. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-023-05754-9","article-title":"A duplex tetra-primer ARMS-PCR assay to discriminate three species of the Schistosoma haematobium group: Schistosoma curassoni, S. bovis, S. haematobium and their hybrids","volume":"16","author":"Blin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.onehlt.2024.100761","article-title":"Revealing bovine schistosomiasis in Malawi: connecting human and hybrid schistosomes within cattle","volume":"19","author":"Juh\u00e1sz","year":"2024","journal-title":"One Health"},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R122","article-title":"Evaluation of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) in urine samples for the diagnosis of imported schistosomiasis","volume":"8","author":"Salas-Coronas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trop. Med. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10061308","article-title":"Application of a genus-specific LAMP assay for schistosome species to detect Schistosoma haematobium x Schistosoma bovis hybrids","volume":"10","author":"Crego-Vicente","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2127","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msz154","article-title":"Ancient hybridization and adaptive introgression of an invadolysin gene in Schistosome parasites","volume":"36","author":"Platt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R125","unstructured":"European Comission\n          . 2024Statistics on migration to Europe\u2014European Commission. Seehttps:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/strategy-and-policy\/priorities-2019-2024\/promoting-our-european-way-life\/statistics-migration-europe_en (accessed24-March-2025)."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.32800\/amz.2015.13.0025","article-title":"Dos nuevas localizaciones para Espa\u00f1a de Bulinus truncatus (Audouin, 1827) (Gastropoda, Planorbidae), hospedador intermediario de schistosomiasis urinaria","volume":"13","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Ort\u00ed","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arx. Misc. Zool."},{"key":"2026020906222801500_R127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms9081776","article-title":"Hybridized zoonotic Schistosoma infections result in hybridized morbidity profiles: a clinical morbidity study amongst co-infected human populations of Senegal","volume":"9","author":"Fall","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microorganisms"}],"container-title":["Philosophical Transactions B"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/rstb\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1098\/rstb.2025.0087\/5627919\/rstb.2025.0087.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/rstb\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1098\/rstb.2025.0087\/5627919\/rstb.2025.0087.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T11:22:50Z","timestamp":1770636170000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/rstb\/article\/381\/1941\/20250087\/478993\/Multidisciplinary-challenges-by-pure-and-hybrid"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]},"references-count":127,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1941","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rstb.2025.0087","relation":{},"ISSN":["0962-8436","1471-2970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0962-8436","type":"print"},{"value":"1471-2970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]},"article-number":"20250087"}}