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Therefore, we conducted comprehensive next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis to determine Trx system expression changes in three categories of subjects: sero-negative HTLV-1 individuals, asymptomatic HTLV-1 people and HAM\/TSP patients. We found that Trx capacity is reduced in the HAM\/TSP state compared to healthy individuals, which indicates increasing inflammation and reduction of apoptosis, which might contribute to the progression of inflammation in the spinal cord, which in turn may develop into the HAM\/TSP state.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/acmi.0.000090","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]],"date-time":"2020-01-14T18:18:21Z","timestamp":1579025901000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["What is the role of the thioredoxin antioxidant complex in relation to HAM\/TSP?"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6028-3573","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masoud","family":"Youssefi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"},{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiarash","family":"Ghazvini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"},{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Casseb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Institute of Tropical Medicine of S\u00e3o Paulo\/ Laboratory of Dermatology and Immunodeficiencies, University of S\u00e3o Paulo Medical School, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP 01246-100, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1208-8479","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masoud","family":"keikha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"},{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"345","reference":[{"key":"R1","article-title":"The impact of immune response on HTLV-I in HTLV-I-associated myelopathy\/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM\/TSP)","volume":"16","author":"Rafatpanah","year":"2013","journal-title":"Iran J Basic Med Sci"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"R2","DOI":"10.3390\/v10120691"},{"key":"R3","first-page":"60","article-title":"The relevance of HTLV-1-associated myelopathy\/tropical spastic paraparesis in Iran: a review study","volume":"6","author":"Keikha","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev Clin Med"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"R4","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.02563"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"R5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2014.03.025"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.4149\/av_2015_02_199","article-title":"Serum total antioxidant capacity status of HTLV\u20101 infected patients","volume":"59(2","author":"Shomali","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Virol"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"R7","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/20.15.3821"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"R8","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/795259"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25371","article-title":"Thioredoxin reductase gene expression and activity among human T\u2010cell lymphotropic virus type 1\u2013infected patients","volume":"91","author":"Yaghoubi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"R10","DOI":"10.4149\/av_2015_02_199"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"R11","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI85339"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"R12","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(92)90091-K"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"R13","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.180.1.359"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"R14","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M807403200"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"R15","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.26546"},{"key":"R16","article-title":"An insight to HTLV-1-associated myelopathy\/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM\/TSP) pathogenesis; 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