{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:08:13Z","timestamp":1747181293592,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,5]],"date-time":"2021-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620172800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,5]]},"abstract":"Given the importance of disinfecting showerheads from \n \n Legionella<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> species and the lack of instructions as to how to successfully achieve this, the aim of this study was to examine the ability of domestic steam disinfection to successfully disinfect showerheads from \n \n Legionella<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> species. Steam disinfection of \n \n Legionella pneumophila<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> [n<\/jats:italic>=3; \n \n L. pneumophila<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> serogroup 2\u201315 (wildtype environmental water isolate); \n \n L. pneumophila<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> serogroup 1 NCTC11192 (reference strain); \n \n L. pneumophila<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> serogroup 1 (wildtype environmental water isolate)], \n \n L. erythra<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> (wildtype environmental water isolate) and \n \n L. bozemanii<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> CRM11368M (reference strain) were examined in this study. Steam disinfection employing a baby bottle steam disinfector device eradicated all \n \n Legionella<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> organisms tested. Steam disinfection, when performed properly under the manufacturer\u2019s instructions, offers a relatively inexpensive, simple, versatile and widely available technology for the elimination of \n \n Legionella<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> species from contaminated showerheads. We therefore advocate the employment of such devices to regularly disinfect showerheads and shower tubing in hairdressing salons, barber shops and gyms, as a critical control in the elimination of these organisms from these sources, thereby enhancing customer\/client\/staff safety.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/acmi.0.000229","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,4]],"date-time":"2021-05-04T14:19:25Z","timestamp":1620137965000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Re-opening hairdressing salons, barber shops and gyms following COVID-19 lockdown: reducing risks from Legionella species through successful domestic steam disinfection of showerheads"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0745-8722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beverley C.","family":"Millar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Disinfection and Pathogen Elimination Studies, Northern Ireland Public Health Laboratory, Nightingale (Belfast City) Hospital, Northern Ireland, Belfast BT9 7AD, UK"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen\u2019s University, Northern Ireland, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonalyn","family":"Ferris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Disinfection and Pathogen Elimination Studies, Northern Ireland Public Health Laboratory, Nightingale (Belfast City) Hospital, Northern Ireland, Belfast BT9 7AD, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Disinfection and Pathogen Elimination Studies, Northern Ireland Public Health Laboratory, Nightingale (Belfast City) Hospital, Northern Ireland, Belfast BT9 7AD, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norman","family":"Reid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Disinfection and Pathogen Elimination Studies, Northern Ireland Public Health Laboratory, Nightingale (Belfast City) Hospital, Northern Ireland, Belfast BT9 7AD, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5243-5108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John E.","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Disinfection and Pathogen Elimination Studies, Northern Ireland Public Health Laboratory, Nightingale (Belfast City) Hospital, Northern Ireland, Belfast BT9 7AD, UK"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen\u2019s University, Northern Ireland, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"345","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens8010027"},{"year":"2019","key":"R2","article-title":"Legionnaires' disease monthly surveillance reports: 2019. Public Health England. Available at"},{"year":"2020","key":"R3","article-title":"Legionella (Legionnaires' Disease and Pontiac Fever), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2020. Available at"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6442a2"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2011.08.031"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2166\/wh.2017.296"},{"year":"2020","key":"R7","article-title":"Reopening salons and spas following lockdown: reducing risks of COVID-19 and other considerations. Chartered Institute of environmental health. https:\/\/www.cieh.org\/news\/press-releases\/2020\/cieh-issues-new-guidance-for-salons-and-spas-to-reopen-following-lockdown\/ https:\/\/www.cieh.org\/news\/press-releases\/2020\/cieh-issues-new-guidance-for-salons-and-spas-to-reopen-following-lockdown\/"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idh.2020.09.005"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0134726"},{"year":"2021","key":"R10","article-title":"Managing legionella in hot and cold water systems. Health and Safety Executive"}],"container-title":["Access Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.microbiologyresearch.org\/content\/journal\/acmi\/10.1099\/acmi.0.000229?crawler=true&mimetype=application\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]],"date-time":"2023-12-15T00:26:03Z","timestamp":1702599963000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.microbiologyresearch.org\/content\/journal\/acmi\/10.1099\/acmi.0.000229"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,5]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/acmi.0.000229","relation":{},"ISSN":["2516-8290"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2516-8290"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,5]]}}}