{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T01:35:38Z","timestamp":1772156138614,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.7677\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Bifidobacterium<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      <\/jats:named-content>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. are non-spore-forming Gram-positive anaerobes that are indigenous to the human gastrointestinal tract and vagina. They are believed to be non-pathogenic organisms for humans and thus are widely used as probiotics. An 83-year-old woman taking cephalexin for 4\u2009days was diagnosed with obstructive pyelonephritis. Y-branched Gram-positive rods were found in both anaerobic and aerobic blood culture bottles, and in an anaerobic urine culture.\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:named-content content-type=\"species\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.7684\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Bifidobacterium breve<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      <\/jats:named-content>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    was finally identified. Ceftriaxone and metronidazole were administered to the patient, and she was discharged after intermittent catheterization for dysuria. Urinary tract infection caused by\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.7677\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Bifidobacterium<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      <\/jats:named-content>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. is believed to be rare, but it can develop in patients with underlying urological conditions. Recognition of the characteristic morphology and conducting anaerobic urine culture may help in identifying more cases of\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.7677\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Bifidobacterium<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      <\/jats:named-content>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    urinary tract infections.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/acmi.0.000574.v3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,19]],"date-time":"2023-10-19T09:16:54Z","timestamp":1697707014000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Bacteraemia and obstructive pyelonephritis caused by Bifidobacterium breve in an elderly woman: a case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Mitsuru","family":"Nishio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection Control Team, Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Aichi, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Aichi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0299-040X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Morioka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection Control Team, Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Aichi, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shun","family":"Takai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Aichi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yukari","family":"Osada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Technique, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshie","family":"Seki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Aichi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takato","family":"Osugi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Aichi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Airi","family":"Oba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Aichi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Miyaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Aichi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"345","reference":[{"key":"R1","volume-title":"Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 12th edition","author":"Karen","year":"2019"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10482-008-9232-4"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2022.e01667"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.5120-20"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.1134"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2234","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00150-17","article-title":"Norwegian study group on invasive Bifidobacterial I. 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