{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T05:20:20Z","timestamp":1793683220848,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001411","name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["STS ICMR ID-2022-01235"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["STS ICMR ID-2022-01235"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001411","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Introduction.<\/jats:bold>\n                    Brucellosis, a globally distributed zoonotic disease, is caused by the Gram-negative bacteria known as\n                    <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Humans acquire infection through direct contact with the blood, urine and placenta of animals, inhalation of dust or aerosols at infected animal farms, and raw milk and meat intake. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of brucellosis in dairy farmers in and around the Aligarh region of North India, to document various clinical signs and symptoms in\n                    <jats:italic>Brucella-<\/jats:italic>\n                    positive individuals, and to create awareness in dairy farmers concerning brucellosis and ways to prevent it.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods.<\/jats:bold>\n                    This was an observational study that included 125 dairy farmers in and around the Aligarh region. Serum samples were taken from this high-risk group after obtaining informed consent. Further, a pre-designed proforma was used to collect information about their knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) concerning brucellosis and assess the risk factors for the disease. The Rose Bengal test (RBT), serum agglutination test (SAT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were performed to detect the seroprevalence of brucellosis.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Result.<\/jats:bold>\n                    <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection was diagnosed in 64 (51.20\u200a%) cases by indirect ELISA (IgM+IgG), 41 (32.8\u200a%) by RBT and 4 (3.2\u200a%) by SAT. Significant clustering of patients was seen in the 20\u201355\u2009years age group. The most common symptoms in ELISA IgM-positive patients were joint pain (16.07\u200a%), fatigue (14.28\u200a%), anorexia (12.50\u200a%), weight loss (8.92\u200a%), malaise (5.35\u200a%), undulant fever (3.57\u200a%), night sweats (3.57\u200a%) and headache (1.78\u200a%). The findings of this study indicate that ELISA (IgM+IgG) exhibits great sensitivity as compared to SAT and RBT. KAP was very poor among dairy farmers.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion.<\/jats:bold>\n                    In India,\n                    <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n                    is a frequent but severely underreported illness. ELISA is the most sensitive serological test for diagnosing brucellosis. No potential vaccine has yet been introduced for humans against brucellosis. Thus, it is necessary to impart awareness and sensitize high-risk groups concerning brucellosis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/acmi.0.000648.v3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]],"date-time":"2024-03-25T12:18:26Z","timestamp":1711369106000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Seroprevalence and risk factor analysis of brucellosis among dairy farmers in Aligarh region, North India: creating awareness of a neglected disease"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Alveera","family":"Alam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4594-852X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiba","family":"Sami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College, AMU, Aligarh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. Zeeshan Ahmad","family":"Hashmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College, AMU, Aligarh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Gururaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Health Division, ICAR-CIRG, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura \u2013 281122, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Azam","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics and OR, AMU, Aligarh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parvez A.","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College, AMU, Aligarh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haleema","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College, AMU, Aligarh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nazish","family":"Fatima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College, AMU, Aligarh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haris M.","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College, AMU, Aligarh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"345","reference":[{"key":"R1","first-page":"836","article-title":"Brucellosis: clinical presentation, diagnosis, complications and therapeutic options","volume":"145","author":"Sakran","year":"2006","journal-title":"Harefuah"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.37.2.139","article-title":"Brucellosis in the United States","volume":"37","author":"Evans","year":"1947","journal-title":"Am J Public Health Nations Health"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10121623"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2021.1-10"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15406\/ijawb.2018.03.00059"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijcm.IJCM_361_19"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_288_19"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1975.tb09404.x"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31344\/ijhhs.v6i1.381"},{"key":"R10","first-page":"677","article-title":"Epidemiology and risk factors of brucellosis in Alexandria Governorate","volume":"13","author":"Meky","year":"2007","journal-title":"East Mediterr Health J"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011131"},{"key":"R12","volume-title":"Socio-Cultural and Economic Risk Factors for Human Brucellosis in Lolgorian Division","author":"Alusi","year":"2014"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijcm.IJCM_366_19"},{"key":"R14","first-page":"104","article-title":"Prevalence of bovine brucellosis and analysis of risk factors in resident cattle herds of Kanke local government area, plateau state, Nigeria","volume":"38","author":"Agada","year":"2017","journal-title":"Niger Vet J"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/ejhs.v31i4.4"},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0205500"},{"key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2009.06.031"},{"key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20008686.2020.1769531"}],"container-title":["Access Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.microbiologyresearch.org\/content\/journal\/acmi\/10.1099\/acmi.0.000648.v3?crawler=true&mimetype=application\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]],"date-time":"2024-03-25T12:18:31Z","timestamp":1711369111000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.microbiologyresearch.org\/content\/journal\/acmi\/10.1099\/acmi.0.000648.v3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/acmi.0.000648.v3","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1099\/acmi.0.000648.v2","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1099\/acmi.0.000648.v1","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1099\/acmi.0.000648.v2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1099\/acmi.0.000648.v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2516-8290"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2516-8290","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]}}}