{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T17:03:23Z","timestamp":1789491803850,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Plasmodium vivax is<\/jats:italic>\n                    a major cause of human malaria. It harbours Matryoshka RNA virus 1 (MaRNAV-1), a bi-segmented positive-sense RNA virus. MaRNAV-1 was first described in\n                    <jats:italic>P. vivax<\/jats:italic>\n                    and is now recognized as part of a wider group of Matryoshka viruses. These viruses also infect other haemosporidian parasites such as\n                    <jats:italic>Leucocytozoon<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Haemoproteus<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The presence of MaRNAV-1 in African-origin human\n                    <jats:italic>P. vivax<\/jats:italic>\n                    , however, has not been clearly established. This study investigated whether MaRNAV-1 is present in public African-origin\n                    <jats:italic>P. vivax<\/jats:italic>\n                    transcriptomic datasets. Any viral sequences recovered were characterized using comparative genomic and phylogenetic analyses. A secondary\n                    <jats:italic>in silico<\/jats:italic>\n                    analysis targeted African-origin\n                    <jats:italic>P. vivax<\/jats:italic>\n                    RNA-seq runs from public repositories. Although the search covered Africa, only Ethiopian datasets could be confidently identified, retrieved and compiled at the time. After quality control and screening for MaRNAV-1 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) signals, three high-confidence runs were selected for further analysis. Reference-guided reconstruction, ORF prediction,\n                    <jats:sc>blast<\/jats:sc>\n                    -based validation and RdRp phylogenetic analysis were performed. MaRNAV-1 was identified in three Ethiopian\n                    <jats:italic>P. vivax<\/jats:italic>\n                    malaria transcriptomes. This was supported by strong segment-level mapping, near-complete coverage, high mean depth and minimal low-depth masking. The recovered genomes showed the expected bisegmented organization of MaRNAV-1. Segment I was highly conserved and encoded the canonical RdRp in all three consensus sequences. Segment II showed the conserved organization of two overlapping hypothetical ORFs in all three consensus sequences.\n                    <jats:sc>Blast<\/jats:sc>\n                    analyses confirmed close similarity to MaRNAV-1 reference sequences. Phylogenetic inference grouped the Ethiopian sequences within the broader\n                    <jats:italic>P. vivax<\/jats:italic>\n                    -associated MaRNAV-1 lineage, alongside other recognized MaRNAV lineages distinct from more divergent narna-like viruses. These findings provide genomic evidence for MaRNAV-1 in publicly available African-origin\n                    <jats:italic>P. vivax<\/jats:italic>\n                    transcriptomic datasets and add to the emerging evidence for the virus in the African malaria context.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/acmi.0.001183.v4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T16:17:15Z","timestamp":1789489035000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Genomic characterization and phylogenetic placement of Matryoshka RNA virus 1 associated with Plasmodium vivax malaria in Africa"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7251-2232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank Chilombolwa","family":"Nyondo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ridgeway Campus, University of Zambia, School of Health Sciences, Lusaka, 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