{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T16:55:29Z","timestamp":1791392129803,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","award":["F21AS00547"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F21AS00547"]}]},{"name":"NIH Office of the Director","award":["T32OD010423"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32OD010423"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    \u2018\n                    <jats:italic>Candidatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    Sarcina troglodytae\u2019 (\u2018\n                    <jats:italic>Ca<\/jats:italic>\n                    . S. troglodytae\u2019), a proposed bacterial species in the family\n                    <jats:italic>Clostridiaceae<\/jats:italic>\n                    , has been epidemiologically associated with a lethal disease in sanctuary chimpanzees in Sierra Leone, epizootic neurologic and gastroenteric syndrome (ENGS). As sarcinae are known to be difficult to culture, a lack of viable\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    growth conditions has limited further characterization of this bacterium. Such studies are critical to elucidating the relationship between \u2018\n                    <jats:italic>Ca<\/jats:italic>\n                    . S. troglodytae\u2019 and ENGS. Here, we isolate a Gram-stain-positive, endospore-forming coccus and anaerobic bacterial strain, designated JB3\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    , from brain tissue of a western chimpanzee (\n                    <jats:italic>Pan troglodytes verus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) using a reinforced clostridial medium. We describe the growth of strain JB3\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    at a pH range of 6 to 9 (optimum 6) at 37\u2009\u00b0C in an atmosphere composed of 5%\u2009H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , 5% CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    and 90%\u2009N\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    and demonstrate endospore production under alkaline conditions, suggesting the possibility of an environmental reservoir. We identify ethanol as the primary non-gaseous fermentation byproduct which we hypothesize to have relevance for ENGS. Antibiotic susceptibility testing shows susceptibility to common antimicrobial agents with notable resistance to ceftriaxone. By establishing\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    conditions for the viable culture, propagation and storage of \u2018\n                    <jats:italic>Ca<\/jats:italic>\n                    . S. troglodytae\u2019, this study lays the groundwork for future infection studies to test hypotheses about pathogenic mechanisms and prevention\/treatment measures for ENGS.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/acmi.0.001186.v4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T16:17:17Z","timestamp":1791389837000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["In vitro growth and characterization of \u2018Candidatus Sarcina troglodytae\u2019 isolated from the brain of a chimpanzee in Sierra Leone"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5689-8118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily","family":"Dunay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 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