{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T15:49:16Z","timestamp":1782143356639,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Pasteur Network Foundation","award":["Pasteur Network Doctoral Grant 83-2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Pasteur Network Doctoral Grant 83-2023"]}]},{"name":"Institut Pasteur","award":["PTR-161"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTR-161"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Enteroviruses (EVs) that infect humans cause a broad range of pathologies, notably neurological, respiratory, cutaneous and enteric diseases, leading to morbidity and mortality, especially in young children. These pathologies particularly affect countries in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. In the last decades, some EVs with a marked respiratory tropism have emerged as a source of acute respiratory illnesses: EV-D68 has been associated with outbreaks of severe respiratory distress and acute myelitis since 2014, while several respiratory genotypes belonging to the species\n                    <jats:italic>Enterovirus coxsackiepol<\/jats:italic>\n                    were discovered in the 2010s. Very little is known about the latter, and no data exist on their circulation or clinical impact in the Central African Republic. In an attempt to bridge this gap, a retrospective study was carried out on nasopharyngeal samples collected as part of influenza surveillance at five sentinel sites in the Central African Republic in 2019. A total of 178\u2009samples negative for influenza viruses were pooled and screened for the detection of EVs (rhinoviruses excluded). A positive result was obtained for 17 out of 20 pools. Genomic amplification was attempted by using generic primers against EVs (rhinoviruses excluded), and the virus genomes were partly sequenced by Illumina technology. A total of 46 contigs covered the VP1 region. The corresponding viruses belonged to several virus types of three species:\n                    <jats:italic>E. coxsackiepol<\/jats:italic>\n                    (14\/26, 58.3%),\n                    <jats:italic>Enterovirus betacoxsackie<\/jats:italic>\n                    (9\/26, 34.6%) and\n                    <jats:italic>Enterovirus alphacoxsackie<\/jats:italic>\n                    (3\/26, 11.5%). Unexpectedly, no respiratory virus types (such as EV-D68, EV-C104, EV-C105, EV-C109, EV-C117 or EV-C118) were detected. Of note, polioviruses from vaccine origin were detected in eight pools (40.0%), supporting the notion that respiratory specimens may serve as a source for poliovirus re-introduction after eradication.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>In conclusion, we did not detect any respiratory EVs, a finding that most likely reflects a low baseline prevalence of these viruses during inter-epidemic periods. Moreover, we confirmed that several EV types, whose primary replication site is the gastrointestinal tract, are also capable of replicating in the oropharynx, polioviruses included, which constitutes a concern for mitigating the risk of poliovirus re-introduction in the post-eradication era.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/acmi.0.001198.v3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T15:15:52Z","timestamp":1781882152000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Molecular characterization of enteroviruses in patients with acute respiratory infection and influenza-like illness in the Central African Republic revealed mainly polioviruses and other enteric enterovirus types"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5730-8290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00ebl W.","family":"Dot\u00e9","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur de Bangui - Enteroviruses and Measles Laboratory - Avenue de l\u2019Ind\u00e9pendance, BP 923, Bangui, Central African Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6881-1331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giscard Francis","family":"Komoyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur de Bangui \u2013 Laboratory for Arboviruses, Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers, Emerging Viruses and Zoonoses - Avenue de l\u2019Ind\u00e9pendance, BP 923, Bangui, Central African Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bertille","family":"Ndombari-Beta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur de Bangui - Enteroviruses and Measles Laboratory - Avenue de l\u2019Ind\u00e9pendance, BP 923, Bangui, Central African Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5244-5429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie-Line","family":"Joffret","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire associ\u00e9 au Centre national de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence pour les ent\u00e9rovirus & par\u00e9chovirus, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France"},{"name":"Institut Pasteur - Universit\u00e9 de Paris Cit\u00e9 - CNRS UMR 3569 \u2013 Unit\u00e9 Signalisation antivirale, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohand","family":"Ait-Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur, Universit\u00e9 de Paris Cit\u00e9, P\u00f4le de coordination de la recherche clinique, Direction M\u00e9dicale, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4620-5824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Nakoun\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur de Bangui \u2013 Laboratory for Arboviruses, Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers, Emerging Viruses and Zoonoses - Avenue de l\u2019Ind\u00e9pendance, BP 923, Bangui, Central African Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6758-9591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ma\u00ebl","family":"Bessaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire associ\u00e9 au Centre national de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence pour les ent\u00e9rovirus & par\u00e9chovirus, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France"},{"name":"Institut Pasteur - Universit\u00e9 de Paris Cit\u00e9 - CNRS UMR 3569 \u2013 Unit\u00e9 Signalisation antivirale, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2498-8725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ionela","family":"Gouandjika-Vasilache","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur de Bangui - Enteroviruses and Measles Laboratory - Avenue de l\u2019Ind\u00e9pendance, BP 923, Bangui, Central African Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"345","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30310-4"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e35841"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v14010141"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v8010016"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(15)00543-5"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2208.151949"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix314"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.13035"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2511.190973"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0060641"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2024.2368212"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v13020249"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02119-12"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0090624"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.82510-0"},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.000088"},{"key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.053462-0"},{"key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0010073"},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.70497"},{"key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1539-6924.2006.00844.x"},{"key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.17.194514"},{"key":"R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.298"},{"key":"R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.01294"},{"key":"R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.02339"},{"key":"R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.74.18.8434-8443.2000"},{"key":"R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msy096"},{"key":"R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.73.3.1941-1948.1999"},{"key":"R28","article-title":"Guidance Paper 5. Reporting Vaccine-derived Polioviruses (VDPVs)","year":"2024"},{"key":"R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280591002531"},{"key":"R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.24778"},{"key":"R31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/emi.2015.66"},{"key":"R32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/69113"},{"key":"R33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.70079"},{"key":"R34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14111071"},{"key":"R35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e22300"},{"key":"R36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-025-06296-4"},{"key":"R37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v17020255"},{"key":"R38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2609.200312"},{"key":"R39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid3008.240410"},{"key":"R40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4102\/ajlm.v8i1.732"},{"key":"R41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0102866"},{"key":"R42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.043935-0"},{"key":"R43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.043216-0"},{"key":"R44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2013.07.010"},{"key":"R45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09674845.2017.1278885"},{"key":"R46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-016-0549-8"},{"key":"R47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0130378"},{"key":"R48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid.2006.131596"},{"key":"R49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.1088770"},{"key":"R50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abd2400"},{"key":"R51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2017.05.017"},{"key":"R52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00207-16"},{"key":"R53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104267"},{"key":"R54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009924"},{"key":"R55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(63)90618-4"},{"key":"R56","article-title":"Guidance to minimize risks for facilities collecting, handling or storing materials potentially infectious for polioviruses - Second edition","year":"2021"},{"key":"R57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/7796913"},{"key":"R58","first-page":"18","article-title":"Human Rhinoviruses A9, A49, B14 and Echovirus 3, 9 among the patients with acute respiratory infection","volume":"67","author":"Pouremamali","year":"2018","journal-title":"Epidemiol Mikrobiol Imunol"},{"key":"R59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-3476(63)80011-6"},{"key":"R60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2010.06.001"},{"key":"R61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v13050882"},{"key":"R62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2023.2261560"},{"key":"R63","first-page":"515","article-title":"Epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory features of Coxsackie B1-B5 infections in the United States, 1970-79","volume":"99","author":"Moore","year":"1984","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"key":"R64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v15091823"},{"key":"R65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v7122948"},{"key":"R66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06148-x"},{"key":"R67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-016-3201-4"}],"container-title":["Access Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.microbiologyresearch.org\/content\/journal\/acmi\/10.1099\/acmi.0.001198.v3?crawler=true&mimetype=application\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T15:15:44Z","timestamp":1782141344000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.microbiologyresearch.org\/content\/journal\/acmi\/10.1099\/acmi.0.001198.v3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/acmi.0.001198.v3","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1099\/acmi.0.001198.v1","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1099\/acmi.0.001198.v2","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1099\/acmi.0.001198.v1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1099\/acmi.0.001198.v2","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2516-8290"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2516-8290","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]}}}