{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T11:10:23Z","timestamp":1791285023698,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"Pt_9","funder":[{"name":"National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada"},{"name":"Microbial Biodiversity Program of the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,1]]},"abstract":"\n A Gram-staining-negative, curved-rod-shaped bacterium with close resemblance to\n \n \n Vibrio cholerae<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n , the aetiological agent of cholera, was isolated over the course of several years from coastal brackish water (17 strains) and from clinical cases (two strains) in the United States. 16S rRNA gene identity with\n \n \n V. cholerae<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n exceeded 98\u200a% yet an average nucleotide identity based on genome data of around 86\u200a% and multi locus sequence analysis of six housekeeping genes (\n mdh<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n adk<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n gyrB<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n recA, pgi<\/jats:italic>\n and\n rpoB<\/jats:italic>\n ) clearly delineated these isolates as a distinct genotypic cluster within the\n \n \n V. cholerae<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n \u2013\n \n \n V. mimicus<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n clade. Most standard identification techniques do not differentiate this cluster of isolates from\n \n \n V. cholerae<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n . Only amplification of the\n ompW<\/jats:italic>\n gene using\n \n \n V. cholerae<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n -specific primers and a negative Voges\u2013Proskauer test showed a difference between the two clusters. Additionally, all isolated strains differed phenotypically from\n \n \n V. cholerae<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n in their ability to utilize\n N<\/jats:italic>\n -acetyl-\n d<\/jats:sc>\n -galactosamine and\n d<\/jats:sc>\n -glucuronic acid as sole carbon sources. Furthermore, they were generally unable to infect the slime mould\n Dictyostelium discoideum<\/jats:italic>\n , a widespread ability in\n \n \n V. cholerae<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n . Based on these clear phenotypic differences that are not necessarily apparent in standard tests as well as average nucleotide identity and phylogeny of protein-coding genes, we propose the existence of a novel species,\n Vibrio metoecus<\/jats:italic>\n sp. nov. with the type strain OP3H\n T<\/jats:sup>\n (\u200a=\u200aLMG 27764\n T<\/jats:sup>\n \u200a=\u200aCIP 110643\n T<\/jats:sup>\n ). Due to its close resemblance to\n \n \n V. cholerae<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n and the increasing number of strains isolated over the past several years, we suggest that\n V. metoecus<\/jats:italic>\n sp. nov. is a relatively common species of the genus\n \n \n Vibrio<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n , isolates of which have been identified as atypical isolates of\n \n \n V. cholerae<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n in the past. Its isolation from clinical samples also indicates that strains of this species, like\n \n \n V. cholerae<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n , are opportunistic pathogens.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/ijs.0.060145-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,28]],"date-time":"2014-06-28T00:14:44Z","timestamp":1403914484000},"page":"3208-3214","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Vibrio\n metoecus sp. nov., a close relative of Vibrio cholerae isolated from coastal brackish ponds and clinical specimens"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Paul C.","family":"Kirchberger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryann","family":"Turnsek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dana E.","family":"Hunt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Beaufort, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bradd J.","family":"Haley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer Studies and Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, College Park, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rita R.","family":"Colwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA"},{"name":"University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer Studies and Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, College Park, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin F.","family":"Polz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheryl L.","family":"Tarr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Boucher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"345","reference":[{"key":"r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00335-19","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00335-10","article-title":"Local mobile gene pools rapidly cross species boundaries to create endemicity within global Vibrio cholerae 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