{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T08:38:37Z","timestamp":1787992717539,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A polyphasic study was carried out to determine the taxonomic position of two aerobic, cyanide-degrading bacterial strains, designated L61<jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>and L22, which had been isolated from a bioreactor for the treatment of nickel-complexed cyanide. The two isolates exhibited almost identical taxonomic characteristics. Phylogenetic analysis inferred from comparative 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the isolates fall in a sublineage of the genus<jats:italic>Rhizobium<\/jats:italic>comprising the type strains of<jats:italic>Rhizobium giardinii<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Rhizobium radiobacter<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Rhizobium rubi<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Rhizobium larrymoorei<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Rhizobium vitis<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Rhizobium undicola<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Rhizobium loessense<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Rhizobium galegae<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Rhizobium huautlense<\/jats:italic>. Cells of the two isolates are Gram-negative, aerobic, motile and non-spore-forming rods (0\u00b76\u20130\u00b77\u00d71\u00b71\u20131\u00b73\u2005\u03bcm), with peritrichous flagella. The DNA G+C content is 60\u00b71\u201360\u00b79\u2005mol%. Cellular fatty acids are C<jats:sub>16\u200a:\u200a0<\/jats:sub>(2\u00b72\u20133\u00b73\u200a%), C<jats:sub>18\u200a:\u200a0<\/jats:sub>(2\u00b71\u20133\u00b72\u200a%), C<jats:sub>19\u200a:\u200a0<\/jats:sub>cyclo<jats:italic>\u03c9<\/jats:italic>8<jats:italic>c<\/jats:italic>(9\u00b79\u201316\u00b78\u200a%), C<jats:sub>20\u200a:\u200a3<\/jats:sub><jats:italic>\u03c9<\/jats:italic>6,9,12<jats:italic>c<\/jats:italic>(2\u00b77\u20133\u00b73\u200a%), summed feature 3 (7\u00b72\u20137\u00b77\u200a%) and summed feature 7 (67\u00b78\u201373\u00b77\u200a%). The strains formed nodules on a legume plant,<jats:italic>Medicago sativa<\/jats:italic>. A<jats:italic>nifH<\/jats:italic>gene encoding denitrogenase reductase, the key component of the nitrogenase enzyme complex, was detected in L61<jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>by PCR amplification by using a<jats:italic>nifH<\/jats:italic>-specific primer system. Strains L61<jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>and L22 were distinguished from the type strains of recognized<jats:italic>Rhizobium<\/jats:italic>species in the same sublineage based on low DNA\u2013DNA hybridization values (2\u20134\u200a%) and\/or a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity value of less than 96\u200a%. Moreover, some phenotypic properties with respect to substrate utilization as a carbon or nitrogen source, antibiotic resistance and growth conditions could be used to discriminate L61<jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>and L22 from<jats:italic>Rhizobium<\/jats:italic>species in the same sublineage. Based on the results obtained in this study, L61<jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>and L22 are considered to be representatives of a novel species of<jats:italic>Rhizobium<\/jats:italic>, for which the name<jats:italic>Rhizobium daejeonense<\/jats:italic>sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is L61<jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>(=KCTC 12121<jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>=IAM 15042<jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>=CCBAU 10050<jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/ijs.0.63667-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,9]],"date-time":"2005-11-09T21:07:56Z","timestamp":1131570476000},"page":"2543-2549","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":87,"title":["Rhizobium daejeonense sp. nov. isolated from a cyanide treatment bioreactor"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Zhe-Xue","family":"Quan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hee-Sung","family":"Bae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, 331 Life Sciences Building, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jong-Hwan","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Feng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wan-Taek","family":"Im","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung-Taik","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"345","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008924032039","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of a cyanide-utilizing Burkholderia cepacia strain","volume":"15","author":"Adjei","year":"1999","journal-title":"World J Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-47-4-996","article-title":"Rhizobium gallicum sp. nov. and Rhizobium giardinii sp. nov., from Phaseolus vulgaris nodules","volume":"47","author":"Amarger","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Syst Bacteriol"},{"key":"R3","first-page":"188","article-title":"R-Factor transfer in Rhizobium leguminosarum","volume":"84","author":"Beringer","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Gen Microbiol"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-51-3-1023","article-title":"Agrobacterium larrymoorei sp. nov., a pathogen isolated from aerial tumours of Fucus benjamina","volume":"51","author":"Bouzar","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Syst Evol Microbiol"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-44-4-715","article-title":"Polyphasic taxonomy of rhizobia: emendation of the genus Sinorhizobium and description of Sinorhizobium meliloti comb. nov., Sinorhizobium saheli sp. nov., and Sinorhizobium teranga sp. nov","volume":"44","author":"de Lajudie","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int J Syst Bacteriol"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-48-4-1277","article-title":"Allorhizobium undicola gen. nov., sp. nov. nitrogen-fixing bacteria that efficiently nodulate Neptunia natans in Senegal","volume":"48","author":"de Lajudie","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Syst Bacteriol"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-39-3-224","article-title":"Fluorometric deoxyribonucleic acid\u2013deoxyribonucleic acid hybridization in microdilution wells as an alternative to membrane filter hybridization in which radioisotopes are used to determine genetic relatedness among bacterial strains","volume":"39","author":"Ezaki","year":"1989","journal-title":"Int J Syst Bacteriol"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.1985.tb00420.x","article-title":"Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap","volume":"39","author":"Felsenstein","year":"1985","journal-title":"Evolution"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1438-8677.1889.tb05711.x","article-title":"Ueber die Pilzsymbiose der Leguminosen","volume":"7","author":"Frank","year":"1889","journal-title":"Ber Dtsch Bot Ges"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-44-1-151","article-title":"Numerical taxonomy and DNA relatedness of tropical rhizobia isolated from Hainan province, China","volume":"44","author":"Gao","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int J Syst Bacteriol"},{"key":"R11","first-page":"95","article-title":"bioedit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95\/98\/NT","volume":"41","author":"Hall","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Symp Ser"},{"key":"R12","first-page":"1005","article-title":"Isolation and growth of a Pseudomonas species that utilizes cyanide as a source of nitrogen","volume":"129","author":"Harris","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Gen Microbiol"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1783","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.57.6.1783-1789.1991","article-title":"Novel cyanide-hydrolyzing enzyme from Alcaligenes xylosoxidans subsp. denitrificans","volume":"57","author":"Ingvorsen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00029284","article-title":"Identification of Agrobacterium and Rhizobium species based on cellular fatty acid composition","volume":"184","author":"Jarvis","year":"1996","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511623486","volume-title":"The Neutral Theory of Molecular Evolution","author":"Kimura","year":"1983"},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/17.12.1244","article-title":"mega2: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis software","volume":"17","author":"Kumar","year":"2001","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-39-3-365","article-title":"Rhizobium galegae , a new species of legume root nodule bacteria","volume":"39","author":"Lindstr\u00f6m","year":"1989","journal-title":"Int J Syst Bacteriol"},{"key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-39-2-159","article-title":"Precise measurement of the G+C content of deoxyribonucleic acid by high-performance liquid chromatography","volume":"39","author":"Mesbah","year":"1989","journal-title":"Int J Syst Bacteriol"},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/S0923-2508(00)01172-4","article-title":"Improvement in the RFLP procedure for studying the diversity of nifH genes in communities of nitrogen fixers in soil","volume":"152","author":"Poly","year":"2001","journal-title":"Res Microbiol"},{"key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-46-4-972","article-title":"Sinorhizobium medicae sp. nov., isolated from annual Medicago spp","volume":"46","author":"Rome","year":"1996","journal-title":"Int J Syst Bacteriol"},{"key":"R21","first-page":"945","article-title":"A simple method for estimating and testing minimum-evolution trees","volume":"9","author":"Rzhetsky","year":"1992","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"},{"key":"R22","first-page":"406","article-title":"The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees","volume":"4","author":"Saitou","year":"1987","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"},{"key":"R23","article-title":"Identification of bacteria by gas chromatography of cellular fatty acids","volume":"101","author":"Sasser","year":"1990","journal-title":"MIDI Technical Note"},{"key":"R24","first-page":"409","article-title":"General characterization","volume-title":"In Manual of Methods for General Bacteriology","author":"Smibert","year":"1981"},{"key":"R25","first-page":"1043","article-title":"Report of the ad hoc committee for the re-evaluation of the species definition in bacteriology","volume":"52","author":"Stackebrandt","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Syst Evol Microbiol"},{"key":"R26","volume-title":"paup: Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony , version 3.1.1","author":"Swofford","year":"1993"},{"key":"R27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4876","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/25.24.4876","article-title":"The clustal_x windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools","volume":"25","author":"Thompson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-48-1-13","article-title":"Rhizobium mongolense sp. nov. is one of three rhizobial genotypes identified which nodulate and form nitrogen-fixing symbioses with Medicago ruthenica [(L.) Ledebour]","volume":"48","author":"van Berkum","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Syst Bacteriol"},{"key":"R29","volume-title":"A Manual for the Practical Study of Root Nodule Bacteria","author":"Vincent","year":"1970"},{"key":"R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-48-3-687","article-title":"Rhizobium huautlense sp. nov., a symbiont of Sesbania herbacea that has a close phylogenetic relationship with Rhizobium galegae","volume":"48","author":"Wang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Syst Bacteriol"},{"key":"R31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-37-4-463","article-title":"Report of the ad hoc committee on reconciliation of approaches to bacterial systematics","volume":"37","author":"Wayne","year":"1987","journal-title":"Int J Syst Bacteriol"},{"key":"R32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1099\/ijs.0.02031-0","article-title":"Characterization of rhizobia isolated from legume species within the genera Astragalus and Lespedeza grown in the Loess Plateau of China and description of Rhizobium loessense sp. nov","volume":"53","author":"Wei","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Syst Evol Microbiol"},{"key":"R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-72-3-565","article-title":"The taxonomy of the crown gall organism Agrobacterium tumefaciens and its relationship to rhizobia and other agrobacteria","volume":"72","author":"White","year":"1972","journal-title":"J Gen Microbiol"},{"key":"R34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-51-1-89","article-title":"A revision of Rhizobium Frank 1889, with an emended description of the genus, and the inclusion of all species of Agrobacterium Conn 1942 and Allorhizobium undicola de Lajudie et al . 1998 as new combinations: Rhizobium radiobacter , R. rhizogenes , R. rubi , R.undicola and R. vitis","volume":"51","author":"Young","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Syst Evol Microbiol"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.microbiologyresearch.org\/content\/journal\/ijsem\/10.1099\/ijs.0.63667-0?crawler=true","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]],"date-time":"2023-05-05T10:06:16Z","timestamp":1683281176000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.microbiologyresearch.org\/content\/journal\/ijsem\/10.1099\/ijs.0.63667-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,1]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/ijs.0.63667-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1466-5026","1466-5034"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1466-5026","type":"print"},{"value":"1466-5034","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,1]]}}}