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The proposed type strains for each species were designated UPII 199-6T<\/jats:sup>, KA00182T<\/jats:sup> and BV3C16-1T<\/jats:sup>. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated that the bacterial isolates were members of the genus \n \n Megasphaera<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic>. UPII 199-6T<\/jats:sup> and KA00182T<\/jats:sup> had 16S rRNA gene sequence identities of 99.9\u200a% with 16S rRNA clone sequences previously amplified from the human vagina designated as \n \n Megasphaera<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> type 1 and \n \n Megasphaera<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> type 2, members of the human vaginal microbiota associated with bacterial vaginosis, preterm birth and HIV acquisition. UPII 199-6T<\/jats:sup> exhibited sequence identities ranging from 92.9 to 93.6\u200a% with validly named \n \n Megasphaera<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> isolates and KA00182T<\/jats:sup> had 16S rRNA gene sequence identities ranging from 92.6\u201394.2\u200a%. BV3C16-1T<\/jats:sup> was most closely related to \n \n Megasphaera cerevisiae<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> with a 16S rRNA gene sequence identity of 95.4\u200a%. Cells were coccoid or diplococcoid, non-motile and did not form spores. Genital tract isolates metabolized organic acids but were asaccharolytic. The isolates also metabolized amino acids. The DNA G+C content for the genome sequences of UPII 199-6T<\/jats:sup>, KA00182T<\/jats:sup> and BV3C16-1T<\/jats:sup> were 46.4, 38.9 and 49.8\u200amol%, respectively. Digital DNA\u2013DNA hybridization and average nucleotide identity between the genital tract isolates and other validly named \n \n Megasphaera<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> species suggest that each isolate type represents a new species. The major fatty acid methyl esters include the following: C12\u200a:\u200a0<\/jats:sub>, C16\u200a:\u200a0<\/jats:sub>, C16\u200a:\u200a0<\/jats:sub> dimethyl acetal (DMA) and summed feature 5 (C15\u200a:\u200a0<\/jats:sub> DMA and\/or C14\u200a:\u200a0<\/jats:sub> 3-OH) in UPII 199-6T<\/jats:sup>; C16\u200a:\u200a0<\/jats:sub> and C16\u200a:\u200a1<\/jats:sub>\n cis<\/jats:italic> 9 in KA00182T<\/jats:sup>; C12\u200a:\u200a0<\/jats:sub>; C14\u200a:\u200a0<\/jats:sub> 3-OH; and summed feature 5 in BV3C16-1T<\/jats:sup>. The isolates produced butyrate, isobutyrate, and isovalerate but there were specific differences including production of formate and propionate. Together, these data indicate that UPII 199-6T<\/jats:sup>, KA00182T<\/jats:sup> and BV3C16-1T<\/jats:sup> represent novel species within the genus \n \n Megasphaera<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic>. We propose the following names: Megasphaera lornae<\/jats:italic> sp. nov. for UPII 199-6T<\/jats:sup> representing the type strain of this species (=DSM 111201T<\/jats:sup>=ATCC TSD-205T<\/jats:sup>), Megasphaera hutchinsoni<\/jats:italic> sp. nov. for KA00182T<\/jats:sup> representing the type strain of this species (=DSM 111202T<\/jats:sup>=ATCC TSD-206T<\/jats:sup>) and Megasphaera vaginalis<\/jats:italic> sp. nov. for BV3C16-1T<\/jats:sup> representing the type strain of this species (=DSM 111203T<\/jats:sup>=ATCC TSD-207T<\/jats:sup>).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.004702","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]],"date-time":"2021-02-22T14:33:47Z","timestamp":1614004427000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Megasphaera lornae sp. nov., Megasphaera hutchinsoni sp. nov., and Megasphaera vaginalis sp. nov.: novel bacteria isolated from the female genital tract"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"71","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7267-3859","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sujatha","family":"Srinivasan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"May A.","family":"Beamer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5661-1199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tina L.","family":"Fiedler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele N.","family":"Austin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6204-8497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria V.","family":"Sizova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Present address: Evelo Biosciences, 620 Memorial Drive, Cambridge, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7845-2013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan M.","family":"Strenk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathy J.","family":"Agnew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0544-7464","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G. 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