{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T05:31:37Z","timestamp":1782451897424,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"10","funder":[{"name":"NRF","award":["2021R1A2C3004015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021R1A2C3004015"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Agricultural Science, Ministry of Rural Development Administration","award":["PJ01700703"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PJ01700703"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]]},"abstract":"Strain IT6T<\/jats:sup>, a thermoacidophilic and facultative methane-oxidizing bacterium, was isolated from a mud\u2013water mixture collected from Pisciarelli hot spring in Pozzuoli, Italy. The novel strain is white when grown in liquid or solid media and forms Gram-negative rod-shaped, non-flagellated, non-motile cells. It conserves energy by aerobically oxidizing methane and hydrogen while deriving carbon from carbon dioxide fixation. Strain IT6T<\/jats:sup> had three complete pmoCAB<\/jats:italic> operons encoding particulate methane monooxygenase and genes encoding group 1d and 3b [NiFe] hydrogenases. Simple carbon\u2013carbon substrates such as ethanol, 2-propanol, acetone, acetol and propane-1,2-diol were used as alternative electron donors and carbon sources. Optimal growth occurred at 50\u201355\u00b0C\u2009and between pH 2.0\u20133.0. The major fatty acids were C18\u200a:\u200a0<\/jats:sub>, C15\u200a:\u200a0<\/jats:sub> anteiso, C14\u200a:\u200a0<\/jats:sub> iso, C16\u200a:\u200a0<\/jats:sub> and C14\u200a:\u200a0<\/jats:sub>, and the main polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, aminophospholipid, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, some unidentified phospholipids and glycolipids, and other unknown polar lipids. Strain IT6T<\/jats:sup> has a genome size of 2.19 Mbp and a G+C content of 40.70\u200amol%. Relative evolutionary divergence using 120 conserved single-copy marker genes (bac120) and phylogenetic analyses based on bac120 and 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain IT6T<\/jats:sup> is affiliated with members of the proposed order \u2018Methylacidiphilales<\/jats:italic>\u2019 of the class Verrucomicrobiia<\/jats:italic> in the phylum \n \n Verrucomicrobiota<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic>. It shared a 16S rRNA gene sequence identity of >96\u200a% with cultivated isolates in the genus '\n \n Methylacidiphilum<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic>' of the family 'Methylacidiphilaceae<\/jats:italic>\u2019, which are thermoacidophilic methane-oxidizing bacteria. \u2018\n \n Methylacidiphilum<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> sp.\u2019 Phi (100\u200a%), \u2018Methylacidiphilum infernorum\u2019<\/jats:italic> V4 (99.02\u200a%) and \u2018\n \n Methylacidiphilum<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> sp.\u2019 RTK17.1 (99.02\u200a%) were its closest relatives. Its physiological and genomic properties were consistent with those of other isolated \u2018\n \n Methylacidiphilum<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic>\u2019 species. Based on these results, we propose the name Methylacidiphilum caldifontis<\/jats:italic> gen. nov., sp. nov. to accommodate strain IT6T<\/jats:sup> (=KCTC 92103T<\/jats:sup>=JCM 39288T<\/jats:sup>). We also formally propose that the names Methylacidiphilaceae<\/jats:italic> fam. nov. and Methylacidiphilales<\/jats:italic> ord. nov. to accommodate the genus \n \n Methylacidiphilum<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> gen. nov.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.006085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T15:16:16Z","timestamp":1696432576000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Methylacidiphilum caldifontis gen. nov., sp. nov., a thermoacidophilic methane-oxidizing bacterium from an acidic geothermal environment, and descriptions of the family Methylacidiphilaceae fam. nov. and order Methylacidiphilales ord. nov."],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"73","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2553-1604","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel Imisi","family":"Awala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-ro, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0464-4722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joo-Han","family":"Gwak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-ro, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4851-9755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongman","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-ro, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8026-3120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chanmee","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-ro, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9690-149X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Strazzulli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d, Complesso Universitario Di Monte S. 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