{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T10:22:22Z","timestamp":1779272542057,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]],"date-time":"2025-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752019200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de Biologie et de M\u00e9decine, Universit\u00e9 de Lausanne, Jurg-Tschopp MD-PhD scholarship","award":["IMUR 31246 -Greub"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IMUR 31246 -Greub"]}]},{"name":"G. Greub\u2019s chlamydial research FFS fund","award":["IMUR 31932 - Greub"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IMUR 31932 - Greub"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The <jats:italic>Chlamydiaceae<\/jats:italic> is a family of strict, intracellular bacteria which include human and animal pathogens such as <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Chlamydia psittaci<\/jats:italic>. Following the death of multiple <jats:italic>Ancistrus dolichopterus<\/jats:italic> fish (bushymouth catfish) in a tropical aquarium, the specimens were examined for a potential infectious agent. To do so, McCoy cells (ATCC CRL-1696) were inoculated with samples isolated from the specimens and became infected by an intracellular bacterium. The entire genome of the infectious agent was sequenced (study accession PRJEB69484) and, based on nine taxonomic markers, was classified as a novel species belonging to the <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic> genus (DSMZ no. 117479, CSUR no. QA1836). We propose the name <jats:italic>Chlamydia vaughanii<\/jats:italic> sp. nov., in memory of the late Professor Lloyd Vaughan. <jats:italic>C. vaughanii<\/jats:italic> has the largest genome (1.3 Mbp) of the <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic> genus. This appears to be a consequence of multiple duplications in genes encoding putative adhesins. Like other pathogenic <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic>, it can infect mammalian cells, but it cannot infect either insect or amoeba cells. It additionally can grow in Epithelioma papulosum cyprinis (EPC) cells (fathead minnow, ATCC CRL-2872) but only when cultivated at 30\u2009\u00b0C. We developed a <jats:italic>C. vaughanii<\/jats:italic>-specific quantitative PCR which amplifies the <jats:italic>mutS<\/jats:italic> gene and analysed several samples from the aquarium. <jats:italic>C. vaughanii<\/jats:italic> was retrieved from all deceased <jats:italic>A. dolichopterus<\/jats:italic> fish, but not from any other sample in the aquarium, suggesting that it indeed originated from the fish and was not a contaminant. <jats:italic>C. vaughanii<\/jats:italic> is the first <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic> isolated from fish.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.006753","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]],"date-time":"2025-07-09T14:17:02Z","timestamp":1752070622000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Chlamydia vaughanii sp. nov., a novel Chlamydia isolated from a tropical fish (bushymouth catfish)"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"75","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1507-3491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bastian","family":"Marquis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria (CRIB), Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1158-6361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carole","family":"Kebbi-Beghdadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria (CRIB), Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5725-7929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Trestan","family":"Pillonel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria (CRIB), Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3787-7952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maja","family":"Ruetten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PathoVet SA, Tagelswangen, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4548-8500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Marques-Vidal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sebastien","family":"Aeby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria (CRIB), Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9529-3317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gilbert","family":"Greub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria (CRIB), Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"345","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.28424588.v1"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985817751218"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-022-01284-9"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2205856119"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2006.01094.x"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2011.00919.x"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00851-19"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0029565"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0116486"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2011.00856.x"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02183-15"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/ijs.0.02802-0"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.syapm.2006.06.001"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43705-022-00124-5"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.12252"},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2011.01.020"},{"key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2015.09.014"},{"key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1102.040746"},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2112.150002"},{"key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-49-2-577"},{"key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-23897-z"},{"key":"R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0252081"},{"key":"R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1981.tb05787.x"},{"key":"R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00604-12"},{"key":"R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268817002060"},{"key":"R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.02.016"},{"key":"R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gbe\/evad147"},{"key":"R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2761.2006.00747.x"},{"key":"R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2014.03.022"},{"key":"R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.11.5286-5297.2004"},{"key":"R31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2007.01445.x"},{"key":"R32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2011.02670.x"},{"key":"R33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2761.2010.01171.x"},{"key":"R34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-018-1488-0"},{"key":"R35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-014-1038-3"},{"key":"R36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gbe\/evy195"},{"key":"R37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.13694"},{"key":"R38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msr161"},{"key":"R39","article-title":"Simkania negevensis may produce long-lasting infections in human pneumocytes and endometrial cells","volume":"75","author":"Vouga","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pathog Dis"},{"key":"R40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.13694"},{"key":"R41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12908"},{"key":"R42","first-page":"783","volume-title":"Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals 2022","year":"2018"},{"key":"R43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00114-11"},{"key":"R44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bty560"},{"key":"R45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cmb.2012.0021"},{"key":"R46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btv383"},{"key":"R47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(05)80360-2"},{"key":"R48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp324"},{"key":"R49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts503"},{"key":"R50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.2289704"},{"key":"R51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw569"},{"key":"R52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/ijs.0.000090"},{"key":"R53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msu300"},{"key":"R54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/mst024"},{"key":"R55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-019-1832-y"},{"key":"R56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/mst010"},{"key":"R57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.4285"},{"key":"R58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/msystems.00473-24"},{"key":"R59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkab301"},{"key":"R60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5AY02550H"},{"key":"R61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.186072.114"},{"key":"R62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0009490"},{"key":"R63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaa1018"},{"key":"R64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw1092"},{"key":"R65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky995"},{"key":"R66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkz991"},{"key":"R67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btz859"},{"key":"R68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01867-06"},{"key":"R69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1829","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.01829","article-title":"A zebrafish model for chlamydia infection with the obligate intracellular pathogen waddlia chondrophila","volume":"7","author":"Fehr","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"R70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.12299"},{"key":"R71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1078\/0723-2020-00086"},{"key":"R72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2405","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.13111","article-title":"Chlamydial seasonal dynamics and isolation of \u201cCandidatus Neptunochlamydia vexilliferae\u201d from a Tyrrhenian coastal lake","volume":"18","author":"Schulz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"R73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2020.05.020"},{"key":"R74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2013.142"},{"key":"R75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-24294-3"},{"key":"R76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.00309-23"},{"key":"R77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.12266"},{"key":"R78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/dao02441"},{"key":"R79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00933-15"},{"key":"R80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.1.360-367.2000"},{"key":"R81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00499-21"},{"key":"R82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.64.10.4269-4278.1996"},{"key":"R83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.00508"},{"key":"R84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02899-12"},{"key":"R85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0066840"},{"key":"R86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cmi.12278"},{"key":"R87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2008.09.046"},{"key":"R88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gde.2004.09.003"},{"key":"R89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.3684805"},{"key":"R90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/omi.1.1999.4.187"},{"key":"R91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9110899"},{"key":"R92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035097"},{"key":"R93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2010.07386.x"},{"key":"R94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.188.1.275-286.2006"},{"key":"R95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.656209"},{"key":"R96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.4.2383-2389.2001"},{"key":"R97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-019-6059-5"},{"key":"R98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-12-109"},{"key":"R99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2014.00157"},{"key":"R100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msu227"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.microbiologyresearch.org\/content\/journal\/ijsem\/10.1099\/ijsem.0.006753?crawler=true&mimetype=application\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]],"date-time":"2025-07-09T14:17:04Z","timestamp":1752070624000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.microbiologyresearch.org\/content\/journal\/ijsem\/10.1099\/ijsem.0.006753"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]]},"references-count":100,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/ijsem.0.006753","relation":{},"ISSN":["1466-5026","1466-5034"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1466-5026","type":"print"},{"value":"1466-5034","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]]}}}