{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T06:07:33Z","timestamp":1781762853365,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"1","funder":[{"name":"The Science Research and Innovation Fund","award":["FF66-P1-074"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FF66-P1-074"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Two novel endophytic actinomycete strains, NRAIS3\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    and NRAIS4, belonging to the genus\n                    <jats:italic>Streptomyces<\/jats:italic>\n                    , were isolated from\n                    <jats:italic>Mitragyna speciosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    leaves. Their taxonomic status was determined using a polyphasic approach. Both strains grew at temperatures ranging from 25 to 37\u2009\u00b0C\u2009and at pH values between 6 and 10. Strain NRAIS3\u1d40 tolerated up to 5% (w\/v) NaCl, whereas strain NRAIS4 tolerated up to 7% (w\/v) NaCl. Both strains contained\n                    <jats:sc>\n                      <jats:italic>ll<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sc>\n                    -diaminopimelic acid in their cell-wall peptidoglycan, and their whole-cell hydrolysates contained ribose and glucose. The predominant cellular fatty acids were\n                    <jats:italic>anteiso<\/jats:italic>\n                    -C\n                    <jats:sub>15:0<\/jats:sub>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>anteiso<\/jats:italic>\n                    -C\n                    <jats:sub>17\u200a:\u200a0<\/jats:sub>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>iso<\/jats:italic>\n                    -C\n                    <jats:sub>16:0<\/jats:sub>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>iso<\/jats:italic>\n                    -C\n                    <jats:sub>15:0<\/jats:sub>\n                    . The polar lipids detected included diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol mannosides. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strains NRAIS3\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    and NRAIS4 showed the highest similarity (99.4%) to the type strains\n                    <jats:italic>Streptomyces fodineus<\/jats:italic>\n                    TW1S1\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Streptomyces puniciscabiei<\/jats:italic>\n                    DSM 41929\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Streptomyces filipinensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    JCM 4369\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    . The average nucleotide identity based on MUMmer and digital DNA\u2013DNA hybridization values between the genomes of the two strains and those of related type strains were significantly below the\n                    <jats:italic>Streptomyces<\/jats:italic>\n                    species delineation thresholds of 96.7% and 70%, respectively. The ethyl acetate crude extract of NRAIS3\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    exhibited antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. It showed the highest activity against\n                    <jats:italic>Listeria monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    ATCC 7644, followed by\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus epidermidis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ATCC 12228, and\n                    <jats:italic>Enterococcus faecium<\/jats:italic>\n                    ATCC 35667. Liquid chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry and gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry analyses revealed diverse antimicrobial metabolites, including aminoquinolines, ergopeptines, isoflavones, hydroxycinnamic acids,\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    -alkyl piperazines, benzotriazoles, benzimidazoles, phenylacetamides, as well as volatile compounds such as 2,5,5-trimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione, hexamethyl-cyclotrisiloxane and 1,4-bis(trimethylsilyl) benzene. Based on the taxonomic results, strains NRAIS3\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    and NRAIS4 represent a novel species within the genus\n                    <jats:italic>Streptomyces<\/jats:italic>\n                    , for which the name\n                    <jats:italic>Streptomyces mitragynae<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NRAIS3\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    (=LMG 34056\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    =TBRC 20459\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    ).\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.007050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T17:16:12Z","timestamp":1769706972000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Streptomyces mitragynae sp. nov., isolated from Mitragyna speciosa leaves in Thailand, with antimicrobial activity and secondary metabolite profiling"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"76","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6874-0791","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nittaya","family":"Pitiwittayakul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Agricultural Innovation and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Nakhon Ratchasima 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