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The strain produced pale-yellow substrate mycelium, light orange aerial mycelium and pale-yellow pigment on ISP 2 medium. Aerial mycelia appeared as elongated, chain-like structures with irregular branching and non-motile cylindrical spores with wrinkled surfaces. The strain grew between 15 and 30\u2009\u00b0C, NaCl concentrations of 0\u20133%\u2009and pH 6\u20138. Its cell wall peptidoglycan contained\n                    <jats:italic>meso<\/jats:italic>\n                    -diaminopimelic acid, and the whole-cell sugars were ribose, arabinose, glucose and galactose. The major menaquinones were MK-9(H\u2084) and MK-10(H\u2084). The polar lipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine with hydroxy fatty acids, phosphatidylinositol mannosides, an unidentified glycolipid and an unidentified phospholipid. The predominant fatty acids (\u226510.0%) were iso-C\n                    <jats:sub>16:0<\/jats:sub>\n                    , iso H-C\n                    <jats:sub>16:1<\/jats:sub>\n                    and C\n                    <jats:sub>17:1<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009\n                    <jats:italic>\u03c9<\/jats:italic>\n                    6c. The draft genome was 7.6\u2009Mb with a DNA G+C content of 72.1\u2009mol%. Full-length 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that\n                    <jats:italic>A. lacus<\/jats:italic>\n                    24-640\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    belongs to the genus\n                    <jats:italic>Actinokineospora<\/jats:italic>\n                    , showing the highest sequence identity to\n                    <jats:italic>Actinokineospora guangxiensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    CGMCC 4.7154\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    (97.3%) and clustering with\n                    <jats:italic>Actinokineospora fastidiosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    IMSNU 20054\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    in 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic trees. However, whole-genome comparisons were well below the accepted species delineation thresholds: ANIb\/ANIm values of 81.5%\/86.4% to\n                    <jats:italic>A. fastidiosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    and 80.0%\/85.8% to\n                    <jats:italic>A. guangxiensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    and corresponding digital DNA\u2013DNA hybridization values of 27.0 and 24.3%, respectively. The phylogenomic tree indicated that\n                    <jats:italic>A. lacus<\/jats:italic>\n                    24-640\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    formed an independent subclade. Furthermore, phenotypic, chemotaxonomic characteristics and genomic analyses confirmed that\n                    <jats:italic>A. lacus<\/jats:italic>\n                    24-640\u1d40 differs significantly from its closest relatives,\n                    <jats:italic>A. fastidiosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    IMSNU 20054\u1d40 and\n                    <jats:italic>A. guangxiensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    CGMCC 4.7154\u1d40. In addition,\n                    <jats:italic>A. lacus<\/jats:italic>\n                    24-640\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    exhibited a high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (97.01%) to\n                    <jats:italic>Actinokineospora acnipugnans<\/jats:italic>\n                    R434\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    ; however, it could be distinguished from\n                    <jats:italic>A. acnipugnans<\/jats:italic>\n                    R434\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    based on phylogenetic analysis, phenotypic characteristics and chemotaxonomic features. Therefore,\n                    <jats:italic>A. lacus<\/jats:italic>\n                    24-640\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    represents a novel\n                    <jats:italic>Actinokineospora<\/jats:italic>\n                    species, for which the name\n                    <jats:italic>Actinokineospora lacus<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is 24-640\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    (=MCCC 1K09702\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    =KCTC 59492\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    ).\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.007175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T15:15:51Z","timestamp":1779376551000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Actinokineospora lacus sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from the lakeside soil of 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