{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:09:31Z","timestamp":1792786171629,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"10","funder":[{"name":"Nihon University Research Grant-in-aid for Early-Career Scientists","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05jk51a88","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Institute for Fermentation","award":["G-2024-1-031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G-2024-1-031"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05nq89q24","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    A novel strain of the genus\n                    <jats:italic>Ureaplasma<\/jats:italic>\n                    , designated TOSA-KAIYU\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    , was isolated from the faeces of a whale shark (\n                    <jats:italic>Rhincodon typus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). This study reports the first isolation of a member of the genus\n                    <jats:italic>Ureaplasma<\/jats:italic>\n                    from a poikilothermic vertebrate. TOSA-KAIYU\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    was characterized phenotypically and genotypically and compared with known species of the genus\n                    <jats:italic>Ureaplasma<\/jats:italic>\n                    . TOSA-KAIYU\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    hydrolysed urea, but arginine catabolism and acid production from glucose were not detected under the aerobic conditions tested. TOSA-KAIYU\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    grew in serum- and urea-supplemented pleuropneumonia-like organism (PPLO) broth under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions at 25 \u00b0C; however, colour-changing unit titres were 10\u2013100-fold higher under anaerobic conditions and colony formation on PPLO agar occurred only under anaerobic conditions. Transmission electron microscopy revealed a typical mollicute cellular morphology. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that the most closely related type strain of a species with a validly published name was\n                    <jats:italic>Ureaplasma ceti<\/jats:italic>\n                    JCM 39153\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    (92.8% similarity). The average nt identity and digital DNA\u2013DNA hybridization values between TOSA-KAIYU\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    and closely related species were below the accepted thresholds for species delineation. Phylogenetic analysis further showed that TOSA-KAIYU\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    belongs to an uncultured-dominated clade of the genus\n                    <jats:italic>Ureaplasma<\/jats:italic>\n                    , together with\n                    <jats:italic>U. ceti<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which has previously been the only cultured representative of this lineage. Based on the genomic, phenotypic and phylogenetic properties, TOSA-KAIYU\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    represents a novel species of the genus\n                    <jats:italic>Ureaplasma<\/jats:italic>\n                    , for which the name\n                    <jats:italic>Ureaplasma rhincodontis<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. nov. with type strain TOSA-KAIYU\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    (=JCM 39612\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    =KCTC 25996\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) is proposed. The genomic G+C content and draft genome size of the type strain were 26.0 mol% and 625,683 bp, respectively.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.007317","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T12:16:56Z","timestamp":1791893816000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ureaplasma rhincodontis sp. nov. isolated from the faeces of whale shark (Rhincodon typus)"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"76","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8176-9213","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takao","family":"Segawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5310-1943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Nakajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Extra-cutting-edge Science and Technology Avant-garde Research of Life (X-star), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takaomi","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Osaka Aquarium KAIYUKAN, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuzuki","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9770-2962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Itsuki","family":"Kiyatake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Osaka Aquarium KAIYUKAN, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Yoshii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Osaka Aquarium KAIYUKAN, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8570-6576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takuya","family":"Itou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"345","reference":[{"key":"R1","article-title":"Note on Mollicute nomenclature. 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