{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T14:42:47Z","timestamp":1787236967604,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,1]],"date-time":"2019-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554076800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The possible resistance of influenza virus against existing antiviral drugs calls for new therapeutic concepts. One appealing strategy is to inhibit virus entry, in particular at the stage of internalization. This requires a better understanding of virus\u2013host interactions during the entry process, including the role of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). To search for cellular targets, we evaluated a panel of 276 protein kinase inhibitors in a multicycle antiviral assay in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. The RTK inhibitor Ki8751 displayed robust anti-influenza A and B virus activity and was selected for mechanistic investigations. Ki8751 efficiently disrupted the endocytic process of influenza virus in different cell lines carrying platelet-derived growth factor receptor \u03b2 (PDGFR\u03b2), an RTK that is known to act at GM3 ganglioside-positive lipid rafts. The more efficient virus entry in CHO-K1 cells compared to the wild-type ancestor (CHO-wt) cells indicated a positive effect of GM3, which is abundant in CHO-K1 but not in CHO-wt cells. Entering virus localized to GM3-positive lipid rafts and the PDGFR\u03b2-containing endosomal compartment. PDGFR\u03b2\/GM3-dependent virus internalization involved PDGFR\u03b2 phosphorylation, which was potently inhibited by Ki8751, and desialylation of activated PDGFR\u03b2 by the viral neuraminidase. Virus uptake coincided with strong activation of the Raf\/MEK\/Erk cascade, but not of PI3K\/Akt or phospholipase C-\u03b3. 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