{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T05:20:58Z","timestamp":1783401658879,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"12","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001843","name":"Science and Engineering Research Board","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["EMR\/2015\/001276"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EMR\/2015\/001276"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001843","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007338","name":"All-India Institute of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["A-492"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A-492"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007338","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Protective antibody responses to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection evolve only in a fraction of infected individuals by developing broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) and\/or effector functions such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). HIV-1 chronically infected adults and children on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) showed a reduction in ADCC activity and improvement in HIV-1 specific neutralizing antibody (nAb) responses. Early initiation of cART in infected adults is found to be beneficial in reducing the viral load and delaying disease progression. Herein, we longitudinally evaluated the effect of cART on HIV-1 specific plasma ADCC and nAb responses in a cohort of 20 perinatally HIV-1 subtype-C infected infants and children \u22642\u2009years of age, pre-cART and up to 1\u2009year post-cART initiation. Significant reductions in HIV-1 specific plasma ADCC responses to subtype-C and subtype-B viruses and improvement in HIV-1 neutralization were observed in HIV-1 infected children 1\u2009year post-cART initiation. A positive correlation between reduction in viral load and the loss of ADCC response was observed. This study provides information aiding the understanding of the effects of early initiation of cART on antibody effector functions and viral neutralization in HIV-1 infected children, which needs to be further evaluated in large cohorts of HIV-1 infected children on cART to plan future intervention strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.001480","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,11]],"date-time":"2020-09-11T14:22:14Z","timestamp":1599834134000},"page":"1289-1299","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Effect of combination antiretroviral therapy on human immunodeficiency virus 1 specific antibody responses in subtype-C infected children"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"101","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8181-3999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanjeev","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ICGEB-Emory Vaccine Centre, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Himanshu","family":"Batra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swarandeep","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Himanshi","family":"Chawla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Present address: Biological Sciences and the Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5966-7182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ravinder","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanket","family":"Katpara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdul Wahid","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bimal Kumar","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rakesh","family":"Lodha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sushil Kumar","family":"Kabra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kalpana","family":"Luthra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"345","reference":[{"key":"R1","first-page":"424","article-title":"Global HIV-1 molecular epidemiology with special reference to genetic analysis of HIV-1 subtypes circulating in North India: functional and pathogenic implications of genetic variation","volume":"47","author":"Neogi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Indian J Exp Biol"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0152910"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2015.11.003"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a007039"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.24.021605.090557"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2016.19"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2019.11.011"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.01568"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.000824"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.01697"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/161.2.198"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3565"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.05.055"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01495-18"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00654-19"},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00878-18"},{"key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aag1048"},{"key":"R18","volume-title":"Consolidated Guidelines on the Use of Antiretroviral Drugs for Treating and Preventing HIV Infection: Recommendations for a Public Health Approach","year":"2016"},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.14.6508-6516.2001"},{"key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.127113"},{"key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu486"},{"key":"R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000001380"},{"key":"R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vim.2011.0028"},{"key":"R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-014-0010-y"},{"key":"R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/338099"},{"key":"R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/315774"},{"key":"R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12275-012-1246-y"},{"key":"R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00005"},{"key":"R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01650-12"},{"key":"R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-59745-170-3_26"},{"key":"R31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0125575"},{"key":"R32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep45163"},{"key":"R33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02853-13"},{"key":"R34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.73.1.152-160.1999"},{"key":"R35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3646751"},{"key":"R36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.76.4.1673-1681.2002"},{"key":"R37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00603-17"},{"key":"R38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(20)30069-2"},{"key":"R39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-09-309591"},{"key":"R40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e328340fe28"},{"key":"R41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0802905"},{"key":"R42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2019.05.010"},{"key":"R43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01194-19"},{"key":"R44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI135557"}],"container-title":["Journal of General Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.microbiologyresearch.org\/content\/journal\/jgv\/10.1099\/jgv.0.001480?crawler=true","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,21]],"date-time":"2020-12-21T17:11:53Z","timestamp":1608570713000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.microbiologyresearch.org\/content\/journal\/jgv\/10.1099\/jgv.0.001480"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/jgv.0.001480","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-1317","1465-2099"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-1317","type":"print"},{"value":"1465-2099","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]}}}