{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T01:18:24Z","timestamp":1774574304253,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"8","funder":[{"name":"ZonMw","award":["91715372"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["91715372"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006492","name":"Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["HHSN272201400008C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN272201400008C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006492","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"European Research Council","award":["802780"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["802780"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Influenza A viruses of the H2N2 subtype sparked a pandemic in 1957 and circulated in humans until 1968. Because A\/H2N2 viruses still circulate in wild birds worldwide and human population immunity is low, the transmissibility of six avian A\/H2N2 viruses was investigated in the ferret model. None of the avian A\/H2N2 viruses was transmitted between ferrets, suggesting that their pandemic risk may be low. The transmissibility, receptor binding preference and haemagglutinin (HA) stability of human A\/H2N2 viruses were also investigated. Human A\/H2N2 viruses from 1957 and 1958 bound to human-type \u03b12,6-linked sialic acid receptors, but the 1958 virus had a more stable HA, indicating adaptation to replication and spread in the new host. This increased stability was caused by a previously unknown stability substitution G205S in the 1958\u2009H2N2 HA, which became fixed in A\/H2N2 viruses after 1958. Although individual substitutions were identified that affected the HA receptor binding and stability properties, they were not found to have a substantial effect on transmissibility of A\/H2N2 viruses via the air in the ferret model. Our data demonstrate that A\/H2N2 viruses continued to adapt during the first year of pandemic circulation in humans, similar to what was previously shown for the A\/H1N1pdm09 virus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.001881","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,31]],"date-time":"2023-08-31T15:39:43Z","timestamp":1693496383000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Continued adaptation of A\/H2N2 viruses during pandemic circulation in humans"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Jasmin S.","family":"Kutter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Linster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Present address: Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dennis","family":"de Meulder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Theo M.","family":"Bestebroer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pascal","family":"Lexmond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miruna E.","family":"Rosu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mathilde","family":"Richard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert P.","family":"de Vries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ron A. 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