{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,22]],"date-time":"2025-03-22T04:12:43Z","timestamp":1742616763790,"version":"3.40.2"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]],"date-time":"2025-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742515200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000277","name":"Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, UK Government","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SE1844"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SE1844"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000277","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["BBS\/E\/RL\/230002C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BBS\/E\/RL\/230002C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Variant Creutzfeldt\u2013Jakob disease (vCJD) is a fatal zoonotic disease caused by the ingestion of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE)-infected meat products. Although the number of vCJD cases due to dietary exposure has significantly declined, the true burden of subclinical infections remains uncertain. Several large-scale surveys using appendix tissue samples have indicated the presence of abnormal prion protein (PrP<jats:sup>Sc<\/jats:sup>; Sc for scrapie) in lymphoid tissue of a small proportion of the UK population. These may represent silent carriers of infection, with the potential to contribute to transmission, persistence and re-emergence of vCJD. Previously, we showed that subclinical infection is a frequent outcome of low-dose prion exposure by blood transfusion in sheep. To determine whether subclinical infection was also found following low-dose exposure by another clinically relevant route for humans, we screened archived tissues from sheep orally challenged with a range of doses of BSE, which did not show clinical or pathological signs of disease after several years of follow-up post-infection. Using a highly sensitive protein misfolding cyclic amplification assay, we were unable to detect PrP<jats:sup>Sc<\/jats:sup> in the lymph node\/tonsil of 15 sheep, or in a wider range of lymphoid tissues and brain (medulla oblongata) from a subset of 5 sheep. Our findings suggest that the route of infection\/exposure may significantly influence the probability of establishing subclinical infection, with the oral route apparently much less efficient than intravenous infection by blood transfusion in sheep.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.002087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]],"date-time":"2025-03-21T11:54:53Z","timestamp":1742558093000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["No evidence of subclinical infection in sheep surviving oral challenge with prions"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"M. 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