{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T07:44:54Z","timestamp":1789803894516,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,1]],"date-time":"2018-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538352000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Purpose.<\/jats:bold> Antimicrobial-resistant bacterial infections in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are a well-established global health issue. We aimed to assess the prevalence of and epidemiological factors associated with the carriage of ciprofloxacin- and ceftriaxone-resistant <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> and associated resistance genes in a cohort of 498 healthy children residing in urban Vietnam.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Methodology.<\/jats:bold> We cultured rectal swabs onto MacConkey agar supplemented with resistant concentrations of ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone. Additionally, we screened meta-<jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> populations by conventional PCR to detect plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR)- and extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase (ESBL)-encoding genes. We measured the associations between phenotypic\/genotypic resistance and demographic characteristics using logistic regression.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Results\/Key findings.<\/jats:bold> Ciprofloxacin- and ceftriaxone-resistant <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> were cultured from the faecal samples of 67.7\u200a% (337\/498) and 80.3\u200a% (400\/498) of children, respectively. The prevalence of any associated resistance marker in the individual samples was 86.7\u200a% (432\/498) for PMQR genes and 90.6\u200a% (451\/498) for \u03b2-lactamase genes. Overweight children were significantly more likely to carry <jats:italic>qnr<\/jats:italic> genes than children with lower weight-for-height z-scores [odds ratios (OR): 1.24; 95\u200a%\u2009confidence interval (CI): 10.5\u20131.48 for each unit increase in weight for height; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.01]. Additionally, younger children were significantly more likely to carry ESBL CTX-M genes than older children (OR: 0.97, 95\u200a%\u2009CI: 0.94\u20130.99 for each additional year, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.01).<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Conclusion.<\/jats:bold> The carriage of genotypic and phenotypic antimicrobial resistance is highly prevalent among <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> in healthy children in the community in Vietnam. Future investigations on the carriage of antimicrobial resistant organisms in LMICs should focus on the progression of carriage from birth and structure of the microbiome in obesity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.000820","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,16]],"date-time":"2018-08-16T13:12:47Z","timestamp":1534425167000},"page":"1457-1466","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Excess body weight and age associated with the carriage of fluoroquinolone and third-generation cephalosporin resistance genes in commensal Escherichia coli from a cohort of urban Vietnamese children"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Le","family":"Thi Quynh Nhi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1\u200bThe Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"},{"name":"2\u200bUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, 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