{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T06:41:32Z","timestamp":1757313692586,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81271780"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81271780"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81471915"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81471915"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]]},"abstract":"\n Introduction.<\/jats:bold>\n Shigella sonnei,<\/jats:italic> the cause of bacillary dysentery, belongs to Gram-negative enteropathogenic bacteria. \n \n S. sonnei<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> contains a 210\u2009kb virulence plasmid that encodes an O-antigen gene cluster of LPSs. However, this virulence plasmid is frequently lost during replication. It is well-documented that after losing the O-antigen and becoming rough strains, the Gram-negative bacteria may express an LPS core on its surface. Previous studies have suggested that by using the LPS core, Gram-negative bacteria can interact with several C-type lectin receptors that are expressed on antigen-presenting cells (APCs).<\/jats:p>\n \n Hypothesis\/Gap Statement.<\/jats:bold>\n \n \n S. sonnei<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> by losing the virulence plasmid may hijack APCs via the interactions of LPS-CD209\/CD207.<\/jats:p>\n \n Aim.<\/jats:bold> This study aimed to investigate if the \n \n S. sonnei<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> rough strain, by losing the virulence plasmid, interacted with APCs that express C-type lectins of human CD207, human CD209a and mouse CD209b.<\/jats:p>\n \n Methodology.<\/jats:bold> SDS-PAGE silver staining was used to examine the O-antigen expression of \n \n S. sonnei<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> WT and its rough strain. Invasion assays and inhibition assays were used to examine the ability of \n \n S. sonnei<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> WT and its rough strain to invade APCs and investigate whether CD209 and CD207 are receptors for phagocytosis of rough \n \n S. sonnei<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic>. Animal assays were used to observe the dissemination of \n \n S. sonnei<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>\n \n Results.<\/jats:bold>\n \n \n S. sonnei<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> did not express O-antigens after losing the virulence plasmid. The \n \n S. sonnei<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> rough strain invades with APCs, including human dendritic cells (DCs) and mouse macrophages. CD209 and CD207 are receptors for phagocytosis of rough \n \n S. sonnei<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic>. Expression of the O-antigen reduces the ability of the \n \n S. sonnei<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> rough strain to be disseminated to mesenteric lymph nodes and spleens.<\/jats:p>\n \n Conclusion.<\/jats:bold> This work demonstrated that \n \n S. sonnei<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> rough strains \u2013 by losing the virulence plasmid \u2013 invaded APCs through interactions with CD209 and CD207 receptors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.001297","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,16]],"date-time":"2021-02-16T16:16:19Z","timestamp":1613492179000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Loss of the virulence plasmid by Shigella sonnei promotes its interactions with CD207 and CD209 receptors"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Bi-cong","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, 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