{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T20:36:07Z","timestamp":1790454967088,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,13]],"date-time":"2021-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631491200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,13]]},"abstract":"\n Introduction.<\/jats:bold> The identification of enteropathogens is critical for the clinical management of patients with suspected gastrointestinal infection. The FLOW multiplex PCR system (FMPS) is a semi-automated platform (FLOW System, Roche) for multiplex real-time PCR analysis.<\/jats:p>\n \n Hypothesis\/Gap Statement.<\/jats:bold> FMPS has greater sensitivity for the detection of enteric pathogens than standard methods such as culture, biochemical identification, immunochromatography or microscopic examination.<\/jats:p>\n \n Aim.<\/jats:bold>The diagnostic performance of the FMPS was evaluated and compared to that of traditional microbiological procedures.<\/jats:p>\n \n Methodology.<\/jats:bold> A total of 10\u200a659 samples were collected and analysed over a period of 7 years. From 2013 to 2018 (every July to September), samples were processed using standard microbiological culture methods. In 2019, the FMPS was implemented using real-time PCR to detect the following enteropathogens: \n \n Shigella<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> spp., Salmonella<\/jats:italic> spp., Campylobacter<\/jats:italic> spp., Giardia intestinalis, Entamoeba histolytica, Blastocystis hominis, Cryptosporidum<\/jats:italic> spp., Dientamoeba fragilis<\/jats:italic>, adenovirus, norovirus and rotavirus. Standard microbiological culture methods (2013\u20132018) included stool culture, microscopy and immunochromatography.<\/jats:p>\n \n Results.<\/jats:bold> A total of 1078 stool samples were analysed prospectively using the FMPS from July to September (2019): bacterial, parasitic and viral pathogens were identified in 15.3, 9.71 and 5.29\u200a% of cases, respectively. During the same period of 6 years (2013\u20132018), the proportion of positive identifications using standard microbiological methods from 2013 to 2018 was significantly lower. A major significant recovery improvement was observed for all bacteria species tested: \n \n Shigella<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> spp.\/enteroinvasive \n \n Escherichia coli<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> (EIEC) (P<\/jats:italic> <0.05), \n \n Salmonella<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> spp. (P<\/jats:italic> <0.05) and \n \n Campylobacter<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> spp. (P<\/jats:italic> <0.05). Marked differences were also observed for the parasites G. intestinalis<\/jats:italic>, Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> spp. and D. fragilis<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>\n \n Conclusion.<\/jats:bold> These results support the value of multiplex real-time PCR analysis for the detection of enteric pathogens in laboratory diagnosis with outstanding performance in identifying labile micro-organisms. The identification of unsuspected micro-organisms for less specific clinical presentations may also impact on clinical practice and help optimize patient management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.001367","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,13]],"date-time":"2021-09-13T18:17:10Z","timestamp":1631557030000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Improved diagnosis of gastrointestinal infections using a semi-automated multiplex real-time PCR for detection of enteropathogens"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"70","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2527-3956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Berta","family":"Fidalgo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2556-8837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisa","family":"Rubio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Pastor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Biology Core, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Parera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Biology Core, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8589-2519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clara","family":"Ballest\u00e9-Delpierre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Cl\u00ednic \u2013 Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1685-7127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana Jos\u00e9","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9031-0787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Genoveva Cuesta","family":"Chasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Vergara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Biology Core, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2716-4729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuliya","family":"Zboromyrska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristian","family":"Aylagas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pilar","family":"Salvador","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ad\u00e1n","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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