{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T01:36:15Z","timestamp":1772156175944,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,13]],"date-time":"2021-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631491200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01 AI131617"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AI131617"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011132","name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["CCRP2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CCRP2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011132","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Introduction.<\/jats:bold>\n                    Non-invasive sample collection and viral sterilizing buffers have independently enabled workflows for more widespread COVID-19 testing by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Gap statement.<\/jats:bold>\n                    The combined use of sterilizing buffers across non-invasive sample types to optimize sensitive, accessible, and biosafe sampling methods has not been directly and systematically compared.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Aim.<\/jats:bold>\n                    We aimed to evaluate diagnostic yield across different non-invasive samples with standard viral transport media (VTM) versus a sterilizing buffer eNAT- (Copan diagnostics Murrieta, CA) in a point-of-care diagnostic assay system.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods.<\/jats:bold>\n                    We prospectively collected 84 sets of nasal swabs, oral swabs, and saliva, from 52 COVID-19 RT-PCR-confirmed patients, and nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs from 37\u2009patients. Nasal swabs, oral swabs, and saliva were placed in either VTM or eNAT, prior to testing with the Xpert Xpress SARS-CoV-2 (Xpert). The sensitivity of each sampling strategy was compared using a composite positive standard.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results.<\/jats:bold>\n                    Swab specimens collected in eNAT showed an overall superior sensitivity compared to swabs in VTM (70\u200a% vs 57\u200a%,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.0022). Direct saliva 90.5\u200a%, (95\u200a% CI: 82\u200a%, 95\u200a%), followed by NP swabs in VTM and saliva in eNAT, was significantly more sensitive than nasal swabs in VTM (50\u200a%,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.001) or eNAT (67.8\u200a%,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.0012) and oral swabs in VTM (50\u200a%,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.0001) or eNAT (58\u200a%,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.0001). Saliva and use of eNAT buffer each increased detection of SARS-CoV-2 with the Xpert; however, no single sample matrix identified all positive cases.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion.<\/jats:bold>\n                    Saliva and eNAT sterilizing buffer can enhance safe and sensitive detection of COVID-19 using point-of-care GeneXpert instruments.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.001380","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]],"date-time":"2021-09-06T14:05:46Z","timestamp":1630937146000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Sample collection and transport strategies to enhance yield, accessibility, and biosafety of COVID-19 RT-PCR testing"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"70","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5217-6142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Padmapriya","family":"Banada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Public Health 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