{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T09:48:12Z","timestamp":1788256092533,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]],"date-time":"2021-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638230400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the ministry of science and technology support program","award":["2015BAI12B11"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015BAI12B11"]}]},{"name":"beijing science and technology commission key project","award":["D151100002115004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D151100002115004"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Introduction.<\/jats:bold>\n                    Patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) who subsequently develop a viral infection have high rates of morbidity and mortality.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Hypothesis\/Gap Statement.<\/jats:bold>\n                    Few large-scale epidemiological studies have investigated potential prognostic factors for morbidity and mortality in this patient group.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Aim.<\/jats:bold>\n                    To evaluate the risk factors for morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients with ILD and viral infection, as well as the clinical characteristics.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methodology.<\/jats:bold>\n                    This retrospective cohort study included patients with ILD who were hospitalized for a viral infection in two tertiary academic hospitals in China, between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2019. We analysed the prevalence of comorbidities, clinical characteristics, 30 day mortality rates, and prognostic risk factors.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results.<\/jats:bold>\n                    A total of 282\u2009patients were included; 195 and 87 were immunocompromised and immunocompetent, respectively. The most common underlying interstitial diseases were idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (42.9\u200a%) and connective tissue disease (36.9\u200a%). The 30\u2009day mortality rate was 20.6\u200a%. During the influenza season, an increase in influenza virus (IFV) (25.7\u200a%), respiratory syncytial virus (14.9\u200a%) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) (11.3\u200a%) cases was observed in the immunocompromised group. The most frequently detected virus in the immunocompetent group was IFV (44.8\u200a%), followed by respiratory syncytial virus (11.5\u200a%), and human rhinovirus (9.2\u200a%). During the non-influenza season, CMV (34.4\u200a%) was the main virus detected in the immunocompromised group. The 30\u2009day mortality rates of non-IFV patients were higher than those of IFV patients. Older age (&gt;60\u2009years), respiratory failure, persistent lymphocytopenia, invasive mechanical ventilation and non-IFV virus infection were significantly associated with increased 30\u2009day mortality.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion.<\/jats:bold>\n                    Patients with ILD who develop viral infection have high rates of morbidity and mortality, which are associated with increased age (&gt;60\u2009years), respiratory failure, mechanical ventilation, persistent lymphocytopenia and non-IFV virus infection. These risk factors should be carefully considered when determining treatment strategies for this patient population.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.001449","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,5]],"date-time":"2021-11-05T12:15:58Z","timestamp":1636114558000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Clinical characteristics and prognostic risk factors of mortality in patients with interstitial lung diseases and viral infection: a retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Lijuan","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Center for Clinical Research on Respiratory Diseases, China\u2013Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, PR 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