{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T16:41:54Z","timestamp":1790440914813,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]],"date-time":"2022-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653955200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["HPRU-2012-10047"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HPRU-2012-10047"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Introduction.<\/jats:bold> The 16S rRNA methyltransferase (16S RMTase) gene <jats:italic>armA<\/jats:italic> is the most common mechanism conferring high-level aminoglycoside resistance in <jats:italic>\n                     <jats:named-content content-type=\"species\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.2767\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Acinetobacter baumannii<\/jats:ext-link>\n                     <\/jats:named-content>\n                  <\/jats:italic>, although <jats:italic>rmtA<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>rmtB<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>rmtC<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>rmtD<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>rmtE<\/jats:italic> have also been reported.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Hypothesis\/Gap statement.<\/jats:bold> The occurrence of 16S RMTase genes in <jats:italic>\n                     <jats:named-content content-type=\"species\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.2767\" xlink:type=\"simple\">A. baumannii<\/jats:ext-link>\n                     <\/jats:named-content>\n                  <\/jats:italic> in the UK and Republic of Ireland is currently unknown.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Aim.<\/jats:bold> To identify the occurrence of 16S RMTase genes in <jats:italic>\n                     <jats:named-content content-type=\"species\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.2767\" xlink:type=\"simple\">A. baumannii<\/jats:ext-link>\n                     <\/jats:named-content>\n                  <\/jats:italic> isolates from the UK and the Republic of Ireland between 2004 and 2015.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Methodology.<\/jats:bold> Five hundred and fifty pan-aminoglycoside-resistant <jats:italic>\n                     <jats:named-content content-type=\"species\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.2767\" xlink:type=\"simple\">A. baumannii<\/jats:ext-link>\n                     <\/jats:named-content>\n                  <\/jats:italic> isolates isolated from the UK and the Republic of Ireland between 2004 and 2015 were screened by PCR to detect known 16S RMTase genes, and then whole-genome sequencing was conducted to screen for novel 16S RMTase genes.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Results.<\/jats:bold> A total of 96.5\u200a% (531\/550) of isolates were positive for 16S RMTase genes, with all but 1 harbouring <jats:italic>armA<\/jats:italic> (99.8\u200a%, 530\/531). The remaining isolates harboured <jats:italic>rmtE3<\/jats:italic>, a new <jats:italic>rmtE<\/jats:italic> variant. Most (89.2\u200a%, 473\/530) <jats:italic>armA<\/jats:italic>-positive isolates belonged to international clone II (ST2), and the <jats:italic>rmtE3<\/jats:italic>-positive isolate belonged to ST79. <jats:italic>rmtE3<\/jats:italic> shared a similar genetic environment to <jats:italic>rmtE2<\/jats:italic> but lacked an IS<jats:italic>CR20<\/jats:italic> element found upstream of <jats:italic>rmtE2<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Conclusion.<\/jats:bold> This is the first report of <jats:italic>rmtE<\/jats:italic> in <jats:italic>\n                     <jats:named-content content-type=\"species\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.2767\" xlink:type=\"simple\">A. baumannii<\/jats:ext-link>\n                     <\/jats:named-content>\n                  <\/jats:italic> in Europe; the potential for transmission of <jats:italic>rmtE3<\/jats:italic> to other bacterial species requires further research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.001531","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,19]],"date-time":"2022-05-19T16:15:44Z","timestamp":1652976944000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Novel 16S rRNA methyltransferase RmtE3 in Acinetobacter baumannii ST79"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"71","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0011-6658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma","family":"Taylor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare Associated Infections (AMRHAI) Reference Unit, Reference Services Division, UK Health Security Agency, London NW9 5EQ, UK"},{"name":"National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, 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