{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T13:26:02Z","timestamp":1790342762963,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"8","funder":[{"name":"the National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2021YFC2301000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFC2301000"]}]},{"name":"the National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2018YFC1003003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFC1003003"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,14]]},"abstract":"\n Introduction.<\/jats:bold> The human oocyte microenvironment is follicular fluid, which is important for follicle growth, ovulation and maturation of the oocyte. The micro-organisms present in follicular fluid could be a predictor of in vitro<\/jats:italic> fertilization outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n \n Hypothesis\/Gap Statement.<\/jats:bold> Women with follicular fluid colonized with micro-organisms can be asymptomatic, but the presence of some genera in the follicular fluid correlates with in vitro<\/jats:italic> fertilization.<\/jats:p>\n \n Aim.<\/jats:bold> To confirm the existence of micro-organisms in follicular fluid, and to profile the micro-organisms present in follicular fluid sampled from women undergoing in vitro<\/jats:italic> fertilization with different outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n \n Methodology.<\/jats:bold> Women undergoing in vitro<\/jats:italic> fertilization (n<\/jats:italic>=163) were divided into different subgroups according to their in vitro<\/jats:italic> fertilization outcomes. Their follicular fluid samples were collected, and among them, 157\u2009samples were analysed by 16S rDNA sequencing, and 19\u2009samples were analysed using culturomics.<\/jats:p>\n \n Results.<\/jats:bold> The culturomics results suggested that the 19 follicular fluid samples were not sterile. The isolation rates for \n \n Streptococcus<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic>, \n \n Finegoldia<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> and \n \n Peptoniphilus<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> were >50\u200a% in the 19\u2009samples. Linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis showed differential bacteria abundance according to the pregnancy rate, the rate of normal fertilization, the rate of high-quality embryos and the rate of available oocytes. The sequencing results showed that micro-organisms could be detected in all 157\u2009samples. \n \n Pseudomonas<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic>, \n \n Lactobacillus<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic>, \n \n Comamonas<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic>, \n \n Streptococcus<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> and \n \n Acinetobacter<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> were detected in all of the samples, but with a wide range of relative abundance. \n \n Pseudomonas<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic>, \n \n Lactobacillus<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic>, \n \n Ralstonia<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> and \n \n Vibrio<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> constituted a notable fraction of the microbiota.<\/jats:p>\n \n Conclusions.<\/jats:bold> Follicular fluid is not sterile. Micro-organisms in follicular fluid could be a predictor of in vitro<\/jats:italic> fertilization outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.001741","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,14]],"date-time":"2023-08-14T14:18:16Z","timestamp":1692022696000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Characterization of the follicular fluid microbiota based on culturomics and sequencing analysis"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Wenting","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, PR China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yazhou","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 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