{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T20:39:54Z","timestamp":1770755994233,"version":"3.50.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]]},"abstract":"\n Introduction<\/jats:bold>. Peri-implantitis poses a significant challenge in oral health due to its complex microbial profile and biofilm-related persistence, complicating both prevention and treatment strategies.<\/jats:p>\n \n Hypothesis\/Gap Statement<\/jats:bold>. We hypothesized that biofilm formation by Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>, Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> and Staphylococcus epidermidis<\/jats:italic> plays a critical role in peri-implantitis by inducing an inflammatory response, contributing to bone loss and implant failure. This study aimed to investigate the presence and quantify C. albicans<\/jats:italic>, S. aureus<\/jats:italic> and S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic> in health and peri-implantitis using quantitative real-time PCR, enhancing our understanding of their roles in peri-implant disease.<\/jats:p>\n \n Aim:<\/jats:bold> To explore the microbial burden of C. albicans<\/jats:italic>, S. aureus<\/jats:italic>, and S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic> in peri-implantitis and healthy conditions, correlating these findings with clinical parameters.<\/jats:p>\n \n Methodology<\/jats:bold>. In this cross-sectional study, 102\u2009patients were recruited from the Department of Periodontology and Implant Biology at Aristotle University, Greece. Participants were divided into healthy\/mucositis and peri-implantitis groups. Clinical parameters such as probing depth, clinical attachment levels and bleeding on probing were recorded, and microbiological samples were collected and analysed using real-time PCR, targeting specific genes for the pathogens.<\/jats:p>\n \n Results<\/jats:bold>. Results showed that C. albicans<\/jats:italic> was detected in 3.92 and S. aureus<\/jats:italic> in 9.82% of samples, while S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic> was present in all samples, with significantly higher loads in the peri-implantitis group (404.75 copies \u00b5l\u22121<\/jats:sup>) compared to the healthy\/mucositis group (173.04 copies \u00b5l\u22121<\/jats:sup>, P<\/jats:italic><0.001). Higher concentrations of S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic> correlated with increased probing depth, clinical attachment levels and bleeding on probing.<\/jats:p>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:bold>. The research strongly emphasizes the notable connection between S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic> and peri-implantitis, indicating its potential impact on the development and progression of the condition. These findings underscore the significance of considering the quantity of S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic> in clinical research aimed at effectively managing patients with peri-implant diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.001933","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]],"date-time":"2024-11-27T14:16:15Z","timestamp":1732716975000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Quantitative assessment of Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis in peri-implant health and disease: correlation with clinical parameters"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"73","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2156-0686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioannis","family":"Fragkioudakis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology and Implant Biology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-0260-3923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgios","family":"Konstantopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0979-3871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christine","family":"Kottaridi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1701-4981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aikaterini-Elisavet","family":"Doufexi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology and Implant Biology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4365-8406","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitra","family":"Sakellari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology and Implant Biology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 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