{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,15]],"date-time":"2026-03-15T23:23:16Z","timestamp":1773616996435,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"1","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017022","name":"Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017022","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Introduction.<\/jats:bold> Anaemia and thrombocytopenia are blood-related irregularities linked to an increased likelihood of disease progression, leading to death in people living with human immunodeficiency virus 1 (PLHIV).<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Gap statement.<\/jats:bold> Severe clinical conditions associated with human immunodeficiency 1 (HIV-1) infection may be related to blood irregularities among PLHIV.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Aim.<\/jats:bold> The study aimed to examine the factors correlated with blood irregularities among PLHIV receiving antiretroviral treatment in West Papua.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Methodology.<\/jats:bold> We conducted a study at hospitals in West Papua involving 80 participants who received antiretroviral therapy (ART) and agreed to provide informed consent. Standardized and validated questionnaires were used for data collection. Sequential assessment of haematological and immunological parameters was performed using Sysmex haematology and PIMA CD4+ analyser. Fisher\u2019s exact test and logistic regression analysis were applied, with a significance level set at <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.05, to identify the key factors positively associated with blood irregularities.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Results.<\/jats:bold> The overall incidences of anaemia and thrombocytopenia were 56.3 and 40%, respectively. Fisher\u2019s exact test indicated that anaemia [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 3.02; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.160\u20137.866; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.05] and low CD4+ T-cell count (AOR: 3.81; 95\u200a% CI: 1.485\u20139.820, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.05) were significantly associated with thrombocytopenia. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the most influential factor contributing to thrombocytopenia-related blood irregularities was the clinical CD4+ T-cell count (<jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>=3.818; 95% CI: 1.485\u20139.820, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.05).<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Conclusion.<\/jats:bold> CD4+ T-cell count was indicated as the main factor causing thrombocytopenia among PLHIV receiving ART in West Papua. It is crucial to conduct screening and regular haematological assessments among PLHIV having low CD4+ T-cell counts to mitigate morbidity and mortality risks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.001958","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T17:31:01Z","timestamp":1738171861000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Low cluster of differentiation 4+ T-cell count associated with thrombocytopenia among people living with human immunodeficiency virus-1 receiving antiretroviral in West Papua"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"74","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9984-7807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Setyo","family":"Adiningsih","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biomedical Research, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8246-7672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mirna","family":"Widiyanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8748-4623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asep","family":"Hermawan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8563-6395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hasta Handayani","family":"Idrus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biomedical Research, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7659-7662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rizki","family":"Fitrianingtyas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Midwifery Education Programme, Faculty of Health Sciences, Dr. Soebandi University, Jember, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"345","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24293\/ijcpml.v17i2.1023"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2011.08.001"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/HIV.S308422"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/thrb.v11i1.43242"},{"key":"R5","first-page":"125","article-title":"Haematological and biochemical response to treatment of HIV-1 infection with a combination of nevirapine + stavudine + lamivudine in lagos nigeria","volume":"22","author":"Odunukwe","year":"2005","journal-title":"Turkish J Haematol"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2052-1839-14-8"},{"key":"R7","first-page":"198","article-title":"Magnitude of anemia and undernutrition among HIV-infected children who took HAART: a retrospective follow-up study","volume":"10","author":"Melku","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Blood Res"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7196\/SAMJ.2019.v109i8b.13829"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2005.21.200"},{"key":"R10","article-title":"Thrombocytopenia [Online]","author":"Jinna","year":"2023"},{"key":"R11","article-title":"Haemoglobin concentrations for the diagnosis of anaemia and assessment of severity. 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