{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T10:49:49Z","timestamp":1779187789808,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750723200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007941","name":"Addis Ababa University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007941","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Addis Ababa University Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency projects"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Introduction.<\/jats:bold>\n                  <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> contains a wide range of extracellular and cell-associated virulence factors that support its pathogenesis. The most variable portion of lipopolysaccharide, O-polysaccharide, confers serogrouping and is crucial for virulence.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Gap Statement.<\/jats:bold> Despite their importance, <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> serotypes and associated virulence factors are not well described at the level of strains obtained from Ethiopian clinical samples.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Aim.<\/jats:bold> To characterize the serotypes and virulence factors of <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> isolates from patients admitted to two hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Methodology.<\/jats:bold> Whole-genome sequencing was performed to characterize genes responsible for serotypes and virulence factors.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Results.<\/jats:bold> Eight distinct serotypes were identified, with O6 (50%) and O11 (14.1%) being the most common and O9 (1.6%) being the least common. Serotype O6 was the most frequent serotype in all infections, and the percentage of O11 (38.5%) was high in burn wound isolates. The percentage of multidrug resistance was 56.6%. High levels of resistance to ciprofloxacin (51.8%) and ceftazidime (50.6%) and low levels of resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam (4.8%) were observed. Multidrug-resistant phenotypes were more common for the O11 (88.9%) and O5 (66.7%) serotypes. There were four (6.3%) <jats:italic>exoU+<\/jats:italic> strains\u2009and one (1.6%) <jats:italic>exoU+exoS<\/jats:italic>+ multidrug-resistant strain, all of which were O11 serotypes. The frequencies of <jats:italic>toxA<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>exoY<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>pilA<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>exoT<\/jats:italic> were 93.8%, 96.9%, 17.2% and 96.9\u200a%, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Conclusion.<\/jats:bold> This study showed the presence of highly virulent multidrug-resistant <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> strains in Ethiopia, and continuous molecular surveillance is essential for monitoring the spread of these strains and creating efficient management strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.002034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T10:16:57Z","timestamp":1750760217000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Molecular characterization of serotype and virulence genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patients admitted at two hospitals in Addis Ababa, 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