{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T14:30:17Z","timestamp":1779114617642,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772755200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["JP25fk0108683"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP25fk0108683"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003485","name":"Heiwa Nakajima Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003485","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004398","name":"Mitsubishi Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004398","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Introduction.<\/jats:bold>\n                    Leptospirosis is an important zoonotic disease globally, which is most prevalent in tropical regions. This disease is endemic in Sri Lanka, where the complex ecology of\n                    <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp., reservoir animals and environmental and occupational factors has resulted in a public health problem.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Gap Statement.<\/jats:bold>\n                    Although genomic analysis of\n                    <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates has recently revealed the diversity of\n                    <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. in Sri Lanka, the genetic relationship between human patients and reservoir animals remains unclear.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Aim.<\/jats:bold>\n                    This study investigated the genetic diversity of\n                    <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. circulating in rodent populations in three districts of Sri Lanka: Kurunegala, Anuradhapura and Badulla.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methodology.<\/jats:bold>\n                    <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic>\n                    DNA was detected from rodent kidney tissue samples by real-time PCR, from which positive samples were subjected to\n                    <jats:italic>flaB<\/jats:italic>\n                    sequencing and multilocus sequencing typing (MLST).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results.<\/jats:bold>\n                    Pathogenic\n                    <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic>\n                    DNA was detected by real-time PCR in 33 of 257 kidney tissue samples (12.8%) from 4 rodent species:\n                    <jats:italic>Bandicota bengalensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Mus booduga<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Rattus rattus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Vandeleuria<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. MLST and partial\n                    <jats:italic>flaB<\/jats:italic>\n                    sequencing of real-time PCR-positive samples identified\n                    <jats:italic>Leptospira borgpetersenii<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Leptospira interrogans<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Leptospira kirschneri<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Leptospira licerasiae<\/jats:italic>\n                    in the rodent population. Five sequence types (STs), including two novel STs, ST389 and ST392, were identified. The novel STs of\n                    <jats:italic>L. interrogans<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>L. kirschneri<\/jats:italic>\n                    were genetically distinct from other STs detected in Sri Lanka.\n                    <jats:italic>R. rattus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>M. booduga<\/jats:italic>\n                    were newly identified as the source of\n                    <jats:italic>L. interrogans<\/jats:italic>\n                    ST49 and of\n                    <jats:italic>L. borgpetersenii<\/jats:italic>\n                    ST144 and\n                    <jats:italic>L. licerasiae<\/jats:italic>\n                    infections in humans, respectively.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion.<\/jats:bold>\n                    This study identified the genetic diversity of\n                    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