{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T21:32:10Z","timestamp":1790890330016,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                  <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic> is the species most frequently isolated from oral specimens, but the recovery of other <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> species such as <jats:italic>Candida dubliniensis<\/jats:italic> is increasing. Differentiation of <jats:italic>C. dubliniensis<\/jats:italic> from <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> requires special tests and both species are misidentified in some studies. CHROM-Pal (CH-P) is a novel chromogenic medium used in our laboratory for differentiation between <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>C. dubliniensis<\/jats:italic> on the basis of colony colour and morphology, and chlamydospore production. The performance of CH-P and CHROMagar Candida (CAC) was compared for primary isolation and presumptive identification of yeasts from oral specimens from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and uninfected individuals. The identification of <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> species on both media was compared with two reference identification methods (API ID 32 C and multiplex PCR). A total of 137\/205 oral swabs (66.8\u200a%) plated onto CH-P and CAC media were positive by culture and resulted in the growth of 171 isolates of <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> species on CH-P, whilst only 159 isolates grew on CAC. <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> was the most frequently isolated species in both groups of patients, followed by <jats:italic>Candida parapsilosis<\/jats:italic> in the HIV-negative group, and by <jats:italic>C. dubliniensis<\/jats:italic> in the HIV-infected group. The other <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> species isolated were <jats:italic>Candida guilliermondii<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Candida glabrata<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Candida krusei<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Candida tropicalis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Candida famata<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Candida rugosa<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Candida kefyr<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Candida pelliculosa<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Candida pulcherrima<\/jats:italic>. The sensitivity and specificity for identifying <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>C. krusei<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>C. tropicalis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>C. dubliniensis<\/jats:italic> on CH-P were over 98.5\u200a%, always equal to or higher than those obtained when CAC was used. CH-P is a simple reliable medium for primary isolation and presumptive identification of yeast isolates from oral samples. The ability of CH-P to discriminate between <jats:italic>C. dubliniensis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> was significantly higher (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.05) than that of CAC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.011320-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,9]],"date-time":"2009-10-09T18:39:15Z","timestamp":1255113555000},"page":"1437-1442","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Evaluation of CHROM-Pal medium for the isolation and direct identification of Candida dubliniensis in primary cultures from the oral cavity"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Ismail H.","family":"Sahand","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Inmunolog\u00eda, Microbiolog\u00eda y Parasitolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina y Odontolog\u00eda, Universidad del Pa\u00eds Vasco-Euskal Herriko Unibersitatea, Apartado 699, 48080 Bilbao, Vizcaya, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 L.","family":"Maza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Estomatolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina y Odontolog\u00eda, Universidad del Pa\u00eds Vasco, Barrio Sarriena s\/n, 48940 Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Eraso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Inmunolog\u00eda, Microbiolog\u00eda y Parasitolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina y Odontolog\u00eda, Universidad del Pa\u00eds Vasco-Euskal Herriko Unibersitatea, Apartado 699, 48080 Bilbao, Vizcaya, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Montejo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Enfermedades infecciosas, Hospital de Cruces, Universidad del Pa\u00eds Vasco, Baracaldo, Vizcaya, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda D.","family":"Moragues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Enfermer\u00eda 1, Universidad del Pa\u00eds Vasco, Barrio Sarriena s\/n, 48940 Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 M.","family":"Aguirre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Estomatolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina y Odontolog\u00eda, Universidad del Pa\u00eds Vasco, Barrio Sarriena s\/n, 48940 Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillermo","family":"Quind\u00f3s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Inmunolog\u00eda, Microbiolog\u00eda y Parasitolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina y Odontolog\u00eda, Universidad del Pa\u00eds Vasco-Euskal Herriko Unibersitatea, Apartado 699, 48080 Bilbao, Vizcaya, 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