{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T03:15:55Z","timestamp":1771298155900,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The microbiological effects of biocidal products used for the enhancement of oral hygiene relate to the active compound(s) as well as other formulation components. Here, we test the specificities of selected actives in the absence of multiple excipients. Salivary ecosystems were maintained in tissue culture plate-based hydroxyapatite disc models (HDMs) and modified drip-flow biofilm reactors (MDFRs). Test compounds stannous fluoride (SF), SDS, triclosan (TCS), zinc lactate (ZL) and ZL with SF in combination (ZLSF) were delivered to the HDMs once and four times daily for 6\u2005days to MDFRs. Plaques were characterized by differential viable counting and PCR\u2013denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). TCS and SDS were the most effective compounds against HDM plaques, significantly reducing total viable counts (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.05), whilst SF, ZL and ZLSF were comparatively ineffective. TCS exhibited specificity for streptococci (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.01) and Gram-negative anaerobes (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.01) following a single dosing and also on repeated dosing in MDFRs. In contrast to single exposures, multiple dosing with ZLSF also significantly reduced all bacterial groups, whilst SF and ZL caused significant but transient reductions. According to PCR\u2013DGGE analyses, significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.05) reductions in eubacterial diversity occurred following 6\u2005day dosing with both TCS and ZLSF. Concordance of MDFR eubacterial profiles with salivary inocula ranged between 58 and 97\u200a%. TCS and ZL(SF) exhibited similar specificities to those reported for formulations. TCS was the most potent antibacterial, after single and multiple dosage regimens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.024372-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,20]],"date-time":"2010-08-20T02:25:20Z","timestamp":1282271120000},"page":"1462-1468","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Evaluation of the specificity and effectiveness of selected oral hygiene actives in salivary biofilm microcosms"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Ruth G.","family":"Ledder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prem K.","family":"Sreenivasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colgate\u2013Palmolive Company, 909 River Road, Piscataway, NJ 08855, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William","family":"DeVizio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colgate\u2013Palmolive Company, 909 River Road, Piscataway, NJ 08855, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"McBain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"345","reference":[{"key":"R1","first-page":"12B","article-title":"Development of a laboratory model to assess the removal of biofilm from interproximal spaces by powered tooth brushing","volume":"15","author":"Adams","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Dent"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1997.tb00472.x","article-title":"Studies on stannous fluoride toothpaste and gel (2). 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