{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T03:37:52Z","timestamp":1790653072862,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":156,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Coxiella burnetii<\/jats:italic>is the causative agent of Q fever, a disease with a spectrum of presentations from the mild to fatal, including chronic sequelae. Since its discovery in 1935, it has been shown to infect a wide range of hosts, including humans. A recent outbreak in Europe reminds us that this is still a significant pathogen of concern, very transmissible and with a very low infectious dose. For these reasons it has also featured regularly on various threat lists, as it may be considered by the unscrupulous for use as a bioweapon. As an intracellular pathogen, it has remained an enigmatic organism due to the inability to culture it on laboratory media. As a result, interactions with the host have been difficult to elucidate and we still have a very limited understanding of the molecular mechanisms of virulence. However, two recent developments will open up our understanding of<jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>: the first axenic growth medium capable of supporting cell-free growth, and the production of the first isogenic mutant. We are approaching an exciting time for expanding our knowledge of this organism in the next few years.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.024778-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,29]],"date-time":"2010-10-29T03:35:12Z","timestamp":1288323312000},"page":"9-21","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"title":["Q fever: the neglected biothreat agent"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"P. C. 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