{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T05:53:37Z","timestamp":1767851617035,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic>is an intracellular pathogen that infects mucosal epithelial cells, causing persistent infections. Although chronic inflammation is a hallmark of chlamydial disease, the proinflammatory mechanisms involved are poorly understood. Little is known about how innate immunity in the male genital tract (MGT) responds to<jats:italic>C. trachomatis.<\/jats:italic>Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of receptors of the innate immunity that recognize different pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) present in bacteria, viruses, yeasts and parasites. The study of TLR expression in the MGT has been poorly investigated. The aim of this work was to investigate the keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC) response of MGT primary cultures from C57BL\/6 mice to<jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic>and different PAMPs. KC production by prostate, seminal vesicle and epididymis\/vas deferens cell cultures was determined by ELISA in culture supernatants. TLR2, 3, 4 and 9 agonists induced the production of KC by all MGT primary cultures assayed. In addition, we analysed the host response against<jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Chlamydia muridarum.<\/jats:italic>Chlamydial LPS (cLPS) as well as<jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>C. muridarum<\/jats:italic>infection induced KC secretion by all MGT cell cultures analysed. Differences in KC levels were observed between cultures, suggesting specific sensitivity against pathogens among MGT tissues. Chemokine secretion was observed after stimulation of seminal vesicle cells with TLR agonists, cLPS and<jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic>. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing KC production by seminal vesicle cells after stimulation with TLR ligands,<jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic>or<jats:italic>C. muridarum<\/jats:italic>antigens. These results indicate that different receptors of the innate immunity are present in the MGT. Understanding specific immune responses, both innate and adaptive, against chlamydial infections, mounted in each tissue of the MGT, will be crucial to design new therapeutic approaches where innate and\/or adaptive immunity would be targeted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.024877-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,26]],"date-time":"2010-11-26T03:45:24Z","timestamp":1290743124000},"page":"307-316","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Innate immunity in the male genital tract: Chlamydia trachomatis induces keratinocyte-derived chemokine production in prostate, seminal vesicle and epididymis\/vas deferens primary cultures"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Juan Pablo","family":"Mackern-Oberti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaciones en Bioqu\u00edmica Cl\u00ednica e Inmunolog\u00eda (CIBICI-CONICET), Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica Cl\u00ednica, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Universidad Nacional de C\u00f3rdoba, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, 5016 C\u00f3rdoba, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"Maccioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaciones en Bioqu\u00edmica Cl\u00ednica e Inmunolog\u00eda (CIBICI-CONICET), Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica Cl\u00ednica, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Universidad Nacional de C\u00f3rdoba, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, 5016 C\u00f3rdoba, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Laura","family":"Breser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaciones en Bioqu\u00edmica Cl\u00ednica e Inmunolog\u00eda (CIBICI-CONICET), Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica Cl\u00ednica, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Universidad Nacional de C\u00f3rdoba, Haya de la Torre esq. Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, 5016 C\u00f3rdoba, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Eley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Henry Wellcome Laboratories for Medical Research, Department of Infection and Immunity, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Miethke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Trogerstr. 30, 81675 M\u00fcnchen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Virginia E.","family":"Rivero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaciones en Bioqu\u00edmica Cl\u00ednica e Inmunolog\u00eda (CIBICI-CONICET), Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica Cl\u00ednica, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Universidad Nacional de C\u00f3rdoba, Haya de la Torre esq. 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