{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T18:00:10Z","timestamp":1793642410789,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,1]]},"abstract":"In ocular infections (OIs) caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis<\/jats:italic>, biofilms composed mainly of poly-N<\/jats:italic>-acetylglucosamine (PNAG) have been widely studied, but PNAG-independent biofilms have not. Therefore, we searched for a relationship between the ica<\/jats:italic> operon (involved in PNAG-biofilm) and the biochemical composition of biofilms in isolates from OI. Isolates from OI (n<\/jats:italic>\u200a=\u200a62), from healthy conjunctiva (HC; n<\/jats:italic>\u200a=\u200a45) and from healthy skin (HS; n<\/jats:italic>\u200a=\u200a53), were used to detect icaA<\/jats:italic> and icaD<\/jats:italic> genes, and the insertion sequence 256 (IS256<\/jats:italic>) using PCR. The compositions of the biofilms were determined by treatment with NaIO4<\/jats:sub>, proteinase K and DNase I. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was performed to characterize the isolates, and the expression of aap<\/jats:italic> and embp<\/jats:italic> genes was determined by real-time qPCR. A strong relationship between the icaA<\/jats:italic>\n \u2212<\/jats:sup>\/icaD<\/jats:italic>\n \u2212<\/jats:sup>\/IS256<\/jats:italic>\n \u2212<\/jats:sup> genotype and protein- or protein\/extracellular DNA (eDNA)-biofilm composition was found in the isolates from OI (53.6\u200a%), whereas the icaA<\/jats:italic>\n +<\/jats:sup>\/icaD<\/jats:italic>\n +<\/jats:sup>\/IS256<\/jats:italic>\n \u2212<\/jats:sup> genotype and carbohydrate-biofilm was most prevalent in isolates from HC (25\u200a%) and HS (25\u200a%). Isolates with an icaA<\/jats:italic>\n \u2212<\/jats:sup>\/icaD<\/jats:italic>\n \u2212<\/jats:sup>\/IS256<\/jats:italic>\n \u2212<\/jats:sup> genotype and protein-biofilm phenotype were predominantly of the ST2 lineage, while carbohydrate-biofilm-producing strains were mainly of the ST9 lineage. The protein-biofilm-producing strains had higher expression levels of aap<\/jats:italic> gene than carbohydrate-biofilm-producing strains; while embp<\/jats:italic> gene did not have the same pattern of expression. These results suggest that S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic> strains with icaA\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n <\/jats:italic>\/icaD\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n <\/jats:italic>\/IS256<\/jats:italic>\n \u2212<\/jats:sup> genotype and protein- or protein\/eDNA-biofilms have a stronger ability to establish in the eye than S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic> strains with icaA+<\/jats:sup>\n <\/jats:italic>\/icaD+<\/jats:sup>\n <\/jats:italic>\/IS256<\/jats:italic>\n \n \u2212<\/jats:sup>\n <\/jats:italic> genotype and PNAG-biofilms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.055210-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,17]],"date-time":"2013-07-17T02:09:57Z","timestamp":1374026997000},"page":"1579-1587","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Staphylococcus epidermidis with the icaA\u2212\n \/icaD\u2212\n \/IS256\n \u2212 genotype and protein or protein\/extracellular-DNA biofilm is frequent in ocular infections"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Marco A.","family":"Ju\u00e1rez-Verdayes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas-Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Carpio y Plan de Ayala S\/N. Col. Santo Tomas. Deleg. Miguel Hidalgo. CP 11340 Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miriam L.","family":"Ram\u00f3n-Per\u00e9z","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas-Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Carpio y Plan de Ayala S\/N. Col. Santo Tomas. Deleg. Miguel Hidalgo. CP 11340 Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis A.","family":"Flores-P\u00e1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas-Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Carpio y Plan de Ayala S\/N. Col. Santo Tomas. Deleg. Miguel Hidalgo. CP 11340 Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar","family":"Camarillo-M\u00e1rquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas-Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Carpio y Plan de Ayala S\/N. Col. Santo Tomas. Deleg. Miguel Hidalgo. CP 11340 Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan C.","family":"Zenteno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Oftalmolog\u00eda Fundaci\u00f3n Conde de Valenciana, Chimalpopoca No. 14, Col. Obrera, Deleg. Cuauht\u00e9moc. CP 06800 Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet","family":"Jan-Roblero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas-Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Carpio y Plan de Ayala S\/N. Col. Santo Tomas. Deleg. Miguel Hidalgo. CP 11340 Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario E.","family":"Cancino-Diaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas-Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Carpio y Plan de Ayala S\/N. Col. Santo Tomas. Deleg. Miguel Hidalgo. CP 11340 Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan C.","family":"Cancino-Diaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas-Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Carpio y Plan de Ayala S\/N. Col. Santo Tomas. Deleg. Miguel Hidalgo. 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